Medical Nutrition Therapy Flashcards
7 cards from real Diabetes practice questions. Tap to flip, then mark Knew It or Still Learning — missed cards come back until you master them.
Read the first 7 Medical Nutrition Therapy flashcards as text
Which sweetener is considered a nutritive sweetener that still raises blood glucose and must be counted in carbohydrate intake?
Answer: Honey
Honey is a nutritive sweetener that contains calories and carbohydrates and raises blood glucose similarly to table sugar.
What effect does alcohol have on blood glucose in a patient taking insulin or insulin secretagogues?
Answer: Alcohol can cause delayed hypoglycemia by inhibiting hepatic glucose output
Alcohol inhibits hepatic gluconeogenesis, which can lead to hypoglycemia, especially when consumed without food.
When counseling a patient about sugar-free foods, which important point must be emphasized?
Answer: Sugar-free foods may still contain significant calories and carbohydrates from other sources
Sugar-free products can still contain carbohydrates from starches, sugar alcohols, or other ingredients that affect blood glucose and caloric intake.
A patient with type 1 diabetes is using an insulin-to-carbohydrate ratio for bolus dosing. What must the patient accurately track to use this approach?
Answer: Grams of carbohydrate per meal
The insulin-to-carbohydrate ratio requires accurate counting of carbohydrate grams to calculate the appropriate bolus insulin dose.
Which eating pattern has the STRONGEST evidence for improving glycemic control and cardiovascular risk factors in type 2 diabetes?
Answer: Mediterranean-style eating pattern
The Mediterranean eating pattern has the most robust evidence supporting improvements in glycemic control, lipid profiles, and cardiovascular outcomes in type 2 diabetes.
How should sugar alcohols (e.g., sorbitol, xylitol) be counted in carbohydrate totals for patients with diabetes?
Answer: Subtract half of the sugar alcohol grams from total carbohydrates
A common practice is to subtract half of the sugar alcohol grams from total carbohydrates, as they are partially absorbed and have a reduced glycemic effect.
A patient with diabetes reports frequent hypoglycemia 2–3 hours after breakfast. Which MNT strategy is MOST appropriate to investigate first?
Answer: Evaluate the carbohydrate content and timing of breakfast relative to medication
Evaluating whether the carbohydrate amount at breakfast appropriately matches the insulin or medication dose and timing is the first step in addressing postprandial hypoglycemia.