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Blood Glucose Monitoring & Targets Flashcards

7 cards from real Diabetes practice questions. Tap to flip, then mark Knew It or Still Learning — missed cards come back until you master them.

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  1. A 68-year-old patient with a 25-year history of diabetes, frequent hypoglycemia unawareness, and stage 3 CKD has an A1C of 7.1%. What is the most appropriate individualized A1C goal?

    Answer: Less than 7.5–8.0%

    For older adults with complex/intermediate health, hypoglycemia unawareness, and comorbidities, the ADA recommends a less stringent A1C goal of <7.5–8.0% to reduce hypoglycemia risk.

  2. Which of the following best describes the glucose lag that occurs with interstitial CGM sensors compared to blood glucose?

    Answer: CGM reads 5–15 minutes behind blood glucose

    Interstitial fluid glucose lags behind blood glucose by approximately 5–15 minutes, which is most clinically significant during rapid glucose changes.

  3. A patient with gestational diabetes is asked to monitor blood glucose. What is the target 1-hour postprandial value according to most US guidelines?

    Answer: Less than 140 mg/dL

    Most US guidelines (ACOG, ADA) target 1-hour postprandial glucose below 140 mg/dL for gestational diabetes management.

  4. Structured SMBG (self-monitoring of blood glucose) using a 7-point profile means testing at which time points?

    Answer: Before and after each main meal plus bedtime

    A 7-point glucose profile consists of before and 1–2 hours after each of the three main meals plus at bedtime, providing a full-day glucose picture.

  5. Which enzyme system is used in most modern electrochemical blood glucose test strips?

    Answer: Glucose oxidase or glucose dehydrogenase

    Most modern test strips use glucose oxidase (GOx) or glucose dehydrogenase (GDH) to catalyze the electrochemical reaction that quantifies glucose.

  6. A patient on intensive insulin therapy experiences nocturnal hypoglycemia without waking. Which monitoring strategy is most appropriate to detect this?

    Answer: Use CGM with a low glucose alarm set at 70 mg/dL

    CGM with a low glucose alert is the most effective tool for detecting nocturnal hypoglycemia, especially in patients with hypoglycemia unawareness.

  7. What is the recommended minimum percentage of 'Time Below Range' (<70 mg/dL) on CGM for adults with type 1 diabetes?

    Answer: Less than 1%

    International CGM consensus recommends Time Below Range (<70 mg/dL) be less than 1% (~14 min/day) for adults with type 1 diabetes to minimize hypoglycemia.