DEXA Anatomy & Physiology of Bone Structure 2

Question 1

Which bone cells are primarily responsible for resorbing old or damaged bone tissue?

Accepted Answer

Osteoclasts

Answer

Osteoclasts are large multinucleated cells that dissolve and resorb bone mineral and matrix during bone remodeling.

Question 2

The periosteum is best described as:

Accepted Answer

The vascular fibrous membrane covering the outer bone surface

Answer

The periosteum is a dense, vascular connective tissue membrane that covers the external surface of bones except at articular surfaces.

Question 3

Which of the following best describes trabecular (cancellous) bone architecture?

Accepted Answer

Sponge-like network of plates and rods called trabeculae

Answer

Trabecular bone consists of an interconnected lattice of bony struts (trabeculae) enclosing spaces filled with bone marrow.

Question 4

In bone remodeling, what is the correct sequence of events?

Accepted Answer

Quiescence → Activation → Resorption → Reversal → Formation

Answer

The bone remodeling cycle proceeds from quiescence through activation, resorption, reversal, and finally formation before returning to quiescence.

Question 5

Which mineral constitutes the primary inorganic component of bone hydroxyapatite crystals?

Accepted Answer

Calcium phosphate

Answer

Hydroxyapatite [Ca₁₀(PO₄)₆(OH)₂] is the main mineral component of bone, composed predominantly of calcium and phosphate.

(DEXA) DEXA Bone Density Scan Certification Practice Test