DCAS Trauma Management 2

Question 1

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) secondary injury is caused by:

Accepted Answer

Hypoxia, hypotension, hypercapnia, hyperthermia, and seizures after the initial impact

Answer

The initial mechanical impact only

Answer

Oedema that develops months after injury

Answer

Surgical intervention for haemorrhage evacuation

Question 2

The classic Cushing's Triad, indicating raised intracranial pressure, consists of:

Accepted Answer

Hypertension (wide pulse pressure), bradycardia, and irregular respirations

Answer

Hypotension, tachycardia, and tachypnoea

Answer

Hypertension, tachycardia, and apnoea

Answer

Hypotension, bradycardia, and fever

Question 3

In traumatic cardiac arrest, which reversible cause should be addressed first?

Accepted Answer

Tension pneumothorax — bilateral thoracostomy should be performed immediately

Answer

Hypovolaemia — 2L fluid bolus should be given first

Answer

Hypoxia — intubation should precede everything

Answer

Cardiac tamponade — pericardiocentesis is always first

Question 4

Open chest wounds ('sucking chest wounds') are treated with:

Accepted Answer

3-sided occlusive dressing (or vented chest seal) to allow air out but not in

Answer

Complete occlusion with airtight dressing on all four sides

Answer

Leaving open to allow chest to drain naturally

Answer

Immediate needle thoracostomy without dressing

Question 5

The 'Zone of injury' concept in blast trauma describes:

Accepted Answer

Three zones: the blast wave (primary), projectile fragmentation (secondary), and thrown victim (tertiary)

Answer

A single injury pattern affecting only the ears and lungs

Answer

Exclusively penetrating injuries from shell fragments

Answer

Only burns from the fireball

Question 6

Traction splints are specifically indicated for:

Accepted Answer

Isolated mid-shaft femur fractures

Answer

Tibial fractures

Answer

Open femur fractures with vascular injury

Answer

Femoral neck (hip) fractures