Statistical Analysis and Hypothesis Testing Flashcards
6 cards from real Data Science with Python Certification practice questions. Tap to flip, then mark Knew It or Still Learning — missed cards come back until you master them.
Read the first 6 Statistical Analysis and Hypothesis Testing flashcards as text
What does a p-value less than 0.05 typically indicate in hypothesis testing?
Answer: There is strong evidence to reject the null hypothesis
A p-value below 0.05 indicates strong evidence against the null hypothesis, so it is rejected.
Which Python library provides the `ttest_ind()` function for an independent samples t-test?
Answer: scipy.stats
`scipy.stats.ttest_ind()` performs an independent samples t-test comparing means of two groups.
What is the primary purpose of a chi-square test in data science?
Answer: Testing the relationship between categorical variables
A chi-square test assesses whether there is a statistically significant association between two categorical variables.
Which measure of central tendency is most resistant to outliers?
Answer: Median
The median is resistant to outliers because it is based on rank position rather than the actual values of extremes.
What does `scipy.stats.shapiro()` test for?
Answer: Normality of a distribution
The Shapiro-Wilk test checks whether a sample comes from a normally distributed population.
In Python, how do you compute the Pearson correlation coefficient between two arrays x and y using NumPy?
Answer: np.corrcoef(x, y)
`np.corrcoef(x, y)` returns the Pearson correlation matrix; the off-diagonal element [0,1] is the coefficient.
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