Dental Instrument Sterilization Flashcards

What is the proper sequence for processing contaminated dental instruments?

Answer: Transport, clean, rinse, dry, package, sterilize, store

The correct instrument processing sequence follows a one-directional workflow: safe transport from point of use, thorough cleaning (ultrasonic or automated washer), rinsing, drying, packaging in sterilization pouches, sterilizing, and proper storage.

What temperature and time combination is standard for gravity displacement steam sterilization of wrapped instruments?

Answer: 250°F (121°C) for 30 minutes

Gravity displacement autoclaves operate at 250°F (121°C) for 30 minutes for wrapped instruments, though pre-vacuum autoclaves can achieve sterilization at higher temperatures (270°F/132°C) in shorter times (4 minutes).

Why is ultrasonic cleaning preferred over manual scrubbing for contaminated instruments?

Answer: It reduces the risk of sharps injuries and provides more thorough cleaning of complex instruments

Ultrasonic cleaners use cavitation to remove debris from complex instrument surfaces, including areas difficult to reach manually, while significantly reducing the risk of percutaneous injuries from handling sharp contaminated instruments.

What is the purpose of chemical indicators in sterilization pouches?

Answer: To show that the pouch has been exposed to sterilization conditions, not to confirm sterility

Chemical indicators (internal and external) change color when exposed to sterilization conditions (temperature, time, steam), indicating that the sterilization cycle parameters were reached, but they do not confirm biological sterility.

How should sterilized instrument packages be stored?

Answer: In closed, clean cabinets away from moisture, dust, and direct sunlight

Sterilized packages must be stored in enclosed, clean, dry areas protected from environmental contamination. Event-related shelf life means packages remain sterile as long as the packaging is intact and uncompromised.

What is the difference between critical, semi-critical, and non-critical dental instruments?

Answer: Critical penetrate tissue (forceps); semi-critical contact mucosa (mirrors); non-critical contact skin only (X-ray heads)

The Spaulding Classification categorizes instruments by infection risk: critical items penetrate soft tissue or bone (require sterilization), semi-critical contact mucous membranes (sterilization or high-level disinfection), and non-critical touch intact skin only (low-level disinfection).