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Anatomy and Physiology Flashcards

6 cards from real DAANCE practice questions. Tap to flip, then mark Knew It or Still Learning — missed cards come back until you master them.

Read the first 6 Anatomy and Physiology flashcards as text

  1. The trigeminal nerve (CN V) is the primary sensory nerve of the face. Which division provides sensory innervation to the maxillary teeth?

    Answer: Maxillary division (V2)

    The maxillary division (V2) innervates the maxillary teeth, upper lip, cheek, and part of the nasal cavity via the superior alveolar nerves.

  2. The Frank-Starling mechanism describes the relationship between:

    Answer: Ventricular end-diastolic volume and stroke volume (the more the ventricle fills, the more it contracts)

    The Frank-Starling law states that increasing preload (ventricular filling) stretches myocardial fibers, increasing contractility and stroke volume - within physiologic limits.

  3. The hypoglossal nerve (CN XII) controls which function relevant to airway management?

    Answer: Motor innervation of the intrinsic and extrinsic tongue muscles

    CN XII provides motor innervation to all intrinsic and most extrinsic tongue muscles (except palatoglossus), controlling tongue movement and position.

  4. The carotid body is a peripheral chemoreceptor that responds primarily to:

    Answer: Decreasing arterial O2 (PaO2 falling below 60 mmHg) and rising H+ (acidosis)

    Carotid body chemoreceptors are stimulated primarily by hypoxemia (PaO2 below 60 mmHg), hypercapnia, and acidosis, triggering increased ventilatory drive.

  5. The alveolar-arterial oxygen gradient (A-a gradient) is useful in assessing:

    Answer: Whether hypoxemia results from hypoventilation alone or includes a pulmonary gas exchange problem

    A normal A-a gradient suggests hypoxemia from hypoventilation; an elevated gradient suggests ventilation-perfusion mismatch or diffusion impairment from pulmonary disease.

  6. Which type of drug interaction occurs when two sedatives are combined and produce an effect greater than the sum of their individual effects?

    Answer: Synergistic (potentiation) interaction

    Synergistic (potentiation) interactions produce effects exceeding the sum of individual effects - critical safety knowledge when combining opioids and benzodiazepines.

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