ECG Interpretation & Analysis Flashcards

In atrial flutter, the atrial rate is typically:

Answer: 250–350 bpm

Atrial flutter produces a characteristic sawtooth pattern at an atrial rate of 250–350 bpm, most commonly around 300 bpm.

ST depression that is horizontal or downsloping in leads V4-V6 during an exercise stress test is most suggestive of:

Answer: Myocardial ischemia

Horizontal or downsloping ST depression ≥1 mm at 80 ms after the J point during stress testing is the standard criterion for inducible ischemia.

Which ECG pattern is seen in Brugada syndrome?

Answer: ST elevation in V1-V3 with coved morphology

Brugada syndrome shows a coved-type ST elevation (≥2 mm) in right precordial leads V1-V3, associated with risk of sudden cardiac death.

A first-degree AV block is defined by a PR interval of:

Answer: >200 ms

First-degree AV block is diagnosed when the PR interval consistently exceeds 200 ms (5 small boxes) with all P waves conducted.

Which rhythm shows progressive lengthening of the PR interval until a QRS is dropped?

Answer: Mobitz type I (Wenckebach) block

Mobitz type I (Wenckebach) block features progressive PR prolongation until one P wave is not conducted, then the cycle resets.

Epsilon waves on an ECG are pathognomonic of which condition?

Answer: Arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy (ARVC)

Epsilon waves — small positive deflections after the QRS in V1-V3 — represent delayed right ventricular depolarization and are hallmark findings of ARVC.

On the ECG, lead aVR views the heart from which vantage point?

Answer: Right shoulder (base of heart)

Lead aVR looks at the heart from the right shoulder, viewing the base and the cavity of the left ventricle; it is often a mirror image of inferior leads.