CVP Technical Skills and Equipment Operation 4

Question 1

Pulsatile flow during cardiopulmonary bypass is thought to benefit patients primarily by:

Accepted Answer

Improving microcirculatory perfusion and reducing systemic vascular resistance

Answer

Increasing pump prime volume requirements

Answer

Eliminating the need for vasopressors

Answer

Reducing hemodilution effects

Question 2

Which measurement best reflects the adequacy of systemic oxygen delivery during cardiopulmonary bypass?

Accepted Answer

Mixed venous oxygen saturation (SvO2)

Answer

Arterial oxygen partial pressure (PaO2)

Answer

Pump flow rate alone

Answer

Mean arterial pressure alone

Question 3

The main advantage of a hard-shell venous reservoir over a soft collapsible bag reservoir is:

Accepted Answer

It provides a built-in air-fluid interface that facilitates de-airing and gas removal

Answer

It requires less priming volume

Answer

It eliminates the need for a cardiotomy section

Answer

It automatically regulates venous pressure

Question 4

During CPB, metabolic acidosis detected on blood gas analysis is best initially corrected by:

Accepted Answer

Increasing pump flow to improve oxygen delivery

Answer

Decreasing sweep gas flow

Answer

Reducing systemic temperature further

Answer

Administering sodium bicarbonate immediately

Question 5

A perfusionist uses pH-stat blood gas management during deep hypothermia. This means:

Accepted Answer

PaCO2 is maintained at 40 mmHg and pH at 7.40 corrected to patient temperature, requiring CO2 addition

Answer

PaCO2 is allowed to rise with temperature correction

Answer

Sweep gas is stopped entirely during cooling

Answer

Alpha-stat values are used without temperature correction

Question 6

What is the primary hazard of using an intra-aortic balloon pump (IABP) simultaneously with cardiopulmonary bypass?

Accepted Answer

The balloon inflation cycle can interfere with aortic cannula flow and cause hemolysis

Answer

The IABP increases systemic vascular resistance during bypass

Answer

The balloon displaces the venous cannula

Answer

The IABP reduces coronary perfusion pressure

Question 7

The maximum safe duration of ischemia for most myocardial protection strategies using cold crystalloid cardioplegia is approximately:

Accepted Answer

60–90 minutes between doses before re-dosing is required

Answer

4–6 hours without re-dosing

Answer

20–30 minutes before irreversible damage

Answer

10–15 minutes without cardioplegia