CT Script Morphology & Phonetics 5

Question 1

In transliteration of Hebrew, the letter 'ח' (khet) is distinguished from 'כ' (khaf) because:

Accepted Answer

Khet represents a pharyngeal fricative while khaf represents a velar fricative

Answer

Hebrew 'ח' (khet) is a voiceless pharyngeal fricative [ħ] while 'כ' (khaf) is a voiceless velar fricative [x]; many systems use 'ḥ' vs. 'kh' or 'ch' to distinguish them.

Question 2

The concept of 'script continuity' in morphology refers to:

Accepted Answer

Maintaining the same transliteration symbol for a morpheme across all its phonetic variants

Answer

Script continuity (morphophonemic consistency) means using the same romanization for a morpheme regardless of phonetic variation, prioritizing grammatical clarity over phonetic accuracy.

Question 3

Which diacritic is conventionally used in romanization to indicate a pharyngealized or emphatic consonant in Arabic?

Accepted Answer

Underdot (e.g., ṣ, ṭ, ḍ)

Answer

The underdot diacritic (ṣ, ṭ, ḍ, ẓ) is standardly used in Arabic romanization systems (ALA-LC, ISO 233) to mark emphatic/pharyngealized consonants.

Question 4

In IPA (International Phonetic Alphabet) notation used alongside transliteration, the symbol [ʃ] represents the sound in which English word?

Accepted Answer

ship

Answer

The IPA symbol [ʃ] represents the voiceless palato-alveolar fricative, which is the initial consonant sound in 'ship', 'she', and 'shore'.

Question 5

When a source script uses 'abugida' structure (as in Ethiopic or Tibetan), each base character in transliteration represents:

Accepted Answer

A consonant with an inherent vowel that can be modified by diacritics

Answer

In an abugida, each base character represents a consonant with an inherent vowel (usually 'a'), and diacritics or modifications alter or replace that vowel.

(CT) Certificate of Transliteration Practice Test

(CT) Certificate of Transliteration Practice Test

CT Script Morphology & Phonetics 5