CSU Natural Sciences 2

Question 1

Which organelle is primarily responsible for producing ATP through cellular respiration in eukaryotic cells?

Accepted Answer

Mitochondria

Answer

The mitochondria is the site of aerobic cellular respiration, producing the majority of ATP used by eukaryotic cells.

Question 2

What is the approximate speed of light in a vacuum?

Accepted Answer

3 × 10^8 m/s

Answer

Light travels at approximately 3 × 10^8 meters per second (300,000 km/s) in a vacuum, denoted by the constant 'c'.

Question 3

In chemistry, what does pH measure?

Accepted Answer

The acidity or alkalinity of a solution

Answer

pH measures the concentration of hydrogen ions in a solution; values below 7 are acidic, 7 is neutral, and above 7 is alkaline.

Question 4

Which gas law states that the volume of a gas is inversely proportional to its pressure at constant temperature?

Accepted Answer

Boyle's Law

Answer

Boyle's Law states that at constant temperature, pressure and volume of a gas are inversely proportional (P₁V₁ = P₂V₂).

Question 5

What is the primary function of the cell membrane in living cells?

Accepted Answer

Regulating what enters and exits the cell

Answer

The cell membrane acts as a selective barrier, controlling which substances pass in and out of the cell through selective permeability.

(CSU) California State University Practice Test