CSPM Quality Management & Assurance Flashcards

What is the key distinction between Quality Assurance (QA) and Quality Control (QC)?

Answer: QA focuses on process adherence to prevent defects; QC inspects outputs to detect defects

QA is a proactive, process-focused activity aimed at preventing defects, while QC is a reactive, output-focused activity that detects and corrects defects.

A senior project manager reviews a control chart and finds data points outside the control limits. What does this indicate?

Answer: Special cause variation indicating an out-of-control process that requires investigation

Data points outside control limits signal special cause variation — abnormal events that require root cause investigation and corrective action.

Which quality improvement methodology uses a Define-Measure-Analyze-Improve-Control cycle to reduce defects?

Answer: Six Sigma DMAIC

Six Sigma's DMAIC framework provides a structured, data-driven approach to identifying defect sources and implementing sustainable quality improvements.

A Pareto Chart is used in quality management primarily to:

Answer: Identify the vital few causes that account for the majority of quality problems

A Pareto Chart applies the 80/20 rule to identify the small number of causes responsible for most quality defects, enabling focused corrective action.

During a quality audit on a large US infrastructure project, the auditor finds that the team is following outdated procedures. What is the BEST course of action?

Answer: Update the procedures, retrain the team, and document the change in the quality management plan

Immediately updating procedures, retraining staff, and documenting changes ensures compliance and prevents quality failures from propagating through remaining project phases.

What does 'Cost of Quality' (COQ) encompass in project management?

Answer: All costs associated with preventing defects, appraising quality, and addressing failures (internal and external)

COQ includes prevention costs, appraisal costs, and failure costs (both internal rework and external warranty/recall), providing a comprehensive view of quality's financial impact.