CSP Pediatric Food Allergy & Dietary Management Flashcards

Which immunoglobulin mediates IgE-mediated food allergic reactions in children?

Answer: IgE

IgE antibodies sensitize mast cells and basophils; upon re-exposure to the allergen, cross-linking of IgE triggers immediate hypersensitivity reactions.

A 9-month-old exclusively breastfed infant presents with blood-streaked stools and no other symptoms. What is the most likely diagnosis?

Answer: Food protein-induced allergic proctocolitis (FPIAP)

FPIAP typically presents in healthy-appearing infants with isolated rectal bleeding, most often due to cow's milk or soy proteins transmitted through breast milk.

Which dietary change is first-line management for a breastfeeding mother whose infant has been diagnosed with cow's milk protein allergy (CMPA)?

Answer: Eliminate all cow's milk and dairy products from the mother's diet

Maternal elimination of cow's milk protein is the first-line approach to managing CMPA in breastfed infants, allowing continued breastfeeding.

What is the most common food allergen causing anaphylaxis in school-age children in the United States?

Answer: Peanuts

Peanut allergy is the leading cause of food-induced anaphylaxis and fatal allergic reactions in school-age children in the US.

A child diagnosed with non-IgE mediated food protein-induced enterocolitis syndrome (FPIES) most commonly reacts to which food?

Answer: Cow's milk or soy

Cow's milk and soy are the most common FPIES triggers in infants, causing profuse vomiting and lethargy 1–4 hours after ingestion.

When counseling a family on managing a child's peanut allergy, which label reading instruction is most critical for preventing accidental exposure?

Answer: Check for 'may contain peanuts' and 'processed in a facility with peanuts' advisory statements

Advisory statements like 'may contain peanuts' indicate cross-contact risk and are critical for families managing peanut allergy, as these are not required by law but indicate real risk.