CSET CSET Subtest II Life Sciences 5

Question 1

Which process produces the most ATP per molecule of glucose during aerobic respiration?

Accepted Answer

Oxidative phosphorylation

Answer

Oxidative phosphorylation via the electron transport chain produces approximately 32–34 of the ~36–38 ATP per glucose.

Question 2

What term describes the movement of a substance from an area of lower concentration to higher concentration, requiring energy?

Accepted Answer

Active transport

Answer

Active transport uses ATP to move substances against their concentration gradient across a membrane.

Question 3

In the nitrogen cycle, which bacteria convert atmospheric nitrogen (N₂) into ammonia (NH₃)?

Accepted Answer

Nitrogen-fixing bacteria

Answer

Nitrogen-fixing bacteria (e.g., Rhizobium) convert inert N₂ gas into ammonia, making nitrogen available to plants.

Question 4

Which type of RNA carries amino acids to the ribosome during translation?

Accepted Answer

tRNA

Answer

Transfer RNA (tRNA) has an anticodon that matches mRNA codons and carries the corresponding amino acid to the ribosome.

Question 5

A species found only in one specific location on Earth is described as which of the following?

Accepted Answer

Endemic

Answer

An endemic species is native to and restricted to a particular geographic area and found nowhere else naturally.

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