Free CSET Reading, Language, and Literature Questions and Answers — Questions and Answers
Question 1: According to the central dogma, which step does DNA go through to transform its information into RNA?
- Replication
- Protein synthesis
- Transcription (Correct answer)
- Translation
Correct answer: Transcription
According to the central dogma, DNA undergoes transcription to convert its information into RNA.
Question 2: The microbiology class instructor discusses amoebiasis, a disease brought on by the amoeba, a unicellular organism. On the screen, a tagged image of an amoeba cell is shown. It has a nucleus along with the cytoplasm, mitochondria, and other organelles. What type of cell is an amoeba based on the prokaryotic and eukaryotic cell structures?
- It is a prokaryotic cell because it does not have a chloroplast, which aids in producing its own food
- It is a eukaryotic cell because it has a nucleus that encloses the DNA and separates it from the other organelles (Correct answer)
- It is a eukaryotic cell because it has cytoplasm that is enclosed in a cell membrane
- It is a prokaryote because it is a unicellular organism, which means that its structure is primitive and not complex
Correct answer: It is a eukaryotic cell because it has a nucleus that encloses the DNA and separates it from the other organelles
An amoeba is a eukaryotic cell because it has a nucleus that encloses the DNA and separates it from the other organelles.
Question 3: Which of the following four types of cells contains the most mitochondria?
- Skin
- Eye
- Bone
- Heart (Correct answer)
Correct answer: Heart
Heart cells have the most mitochondria of the four cell types listed.
Question 4: Who made the discovery that DNA transforms cells?
- Crick
- Griffith
- Watson
- Avery (Correct answer)
Correct answer: Avery
The discovery that DNA was the transforming factor of cells was made by Oswald Avery, Colin MacLeod, and Maclyn McCarty in 1944.
Question 5: Which of the following best sums up an organism's visible characteristics?
- Datatype
- Phenotype (Correct answer)
- Genotype
- Agrotype
Correct answer: Phenotype
The observable traits of an organism are described as its phenotype..
Question 6: What kind of link binds the DNA nucleotides together?
- Metallic bonds
- Phosphodiester bonds (Correct answer)
- Hydrogen bonds
- Ionic bonds
Correct answer: Phosphodiester bonds
The nucleotides of DNA are held together by phosphodiester bonds.
Question 7: Using a powerful microscope, a group of students looks at an onion cell. The chromosomes appear to move and align themselves, as the pupils saw. This onion cell is in what stage of cell division?
- M phase
- S phase
- G2 phase
- G1 phase (Correct answer)
Correct answer: G1 phase
The movement and alignment of chromosomes during cell division is a characteristic of the metaphase stage of mitosis. Therefore, if the students are observing an onion cell under a microscope and they notice that the chromosomes are aligning themselves, the onion cell must be in the metaphase stage of mitosis.
Free CSET Reading, Language, and Literature Questions and Answers
According to the central dogma, which step does DNA go through to transform its information into RNA?