CSC Anatomy & Physiology Fundamentals 2 — Questions and Answers
Question 1: Which vein is located in the antecubital fossa and is most commonly used for venipuncture in adults?
- Cephalic vein
- Median cubital vein (Correct answer)
- Basilic vein
- Saphenous vein
Correct answer: Median cubital vein
The median cubital vein crosses the antecubital fossa and is the preferred venipuncture site due to its large size and relatively fixed position.
Question 2: The renal pelvis collects urine from which structures before passing it to the ureter?
- Glomeruli
- Loop of Henle
- Major and minor calyces (Correct answer)
- Collecting ducts
Correct answer: Major and minor calyces
Major and minor calyces drain urine from the renal papillae into the renal pelvis, which then funnels urine into the ureter.
Question 3: Which layer of the skin contains the capillary loops that nourish the epidermis and is relevant to capillary puncture depth?
- Stratum corneum
- Hypodermis
- Dermis (Correct answer)
- Stratum basale
Correct answer: Dermis
Capillary loops are located in the dermis, so capillary puncture devices must penetrate into this layer without reaching deeper subcutaneous structures.
Question 4: Which anatomical structure separates the thoracic cavity from the abdominal cavity and plays a key role in breathing?
- Pleura
- Peritoneum
- Diaphragm (Correct answer)
- Mediastinum
Correct answer: Diaphragm
The diaphragm is the dome-shaped muscle that separates the thoracic and abdominal cavities and is the primary muscle of respiration.
Question 5: When a specimen collector examines a patient's arm and sees a bluish cord-like structure that rolls when palpated, this most likely indicates:
- A healthy artery with good pulse
- A nerve that should be avoided
- A vein suitable for venipuncture (Correct answer)
- A tendon running near the surface
Correct answer: A vein suitable for venipuncture
Veins appear as bluish, compressible, cord-like structures that may roll under the skin when palpated, making them identifiable venipuncture targets.
Question 6: The lymphatic system returns interstitial fluid to circulation primarily by draining into which vessels?
- Coronary arteries
- Portal veins
- Subclavian veins (Correct answer)
- Pulmonary capillaries
Correct answer: Subclavian veins
Lymph ultimately drains into the subclavian veins (via the thoracic duct and right lymphatic duct), returning fluid to venous circulation.
Question 7: Which plasma protein produced by the liver is responsible for maintaining oncotic pressure and is commonly measured in blood chemistry panels?
- Fibrinogen
- Albumin (Correct answer)
- Globulin
- Prothrombin
Correct answer: Albumin
Albumin is the most abundant plasma protein and its oncotic effect keeps fluid within blood vessels; low levels can cause edema.
CSC Anatomy & Physiology Fundamentals 2
Which vein is located in the antecubital fossa and is most commonly used for venipuncture in adults?