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Anatomy & Physiology Fundamentals Flashcards

7 cards from real CSC practice questions. Tap to flip, then mark Knew It or Still Learning — missed cards come back until you master them.

Read the first 7 Anatomy & Physiology Fundamentals flashcards as text

  1. A specimen collector notes that a patient's veins are not visible or palpable in the antecubital area. Which alternative site on the forearm is the next best option?

    Answer: Dorsal hand veins

    Dorsal hand veins are the next acceptable alternative when antecubital veins are inaccessible, though they require smaller gauge needles.

  2. Which component of whole blood is responsible for oxygen transport throughout the body?

    Answer: Erythrocytes

    Erythrocytes (red blood cells) contain hemoglobin, which binds oxygen in the lungs and releases it to tissues throughout the body.

  3. The femoral artery runs through which region of the lower extremity and must be avoided during routine blood collection?

    Answer: Femoral triangle

    The femoral artery passes through the femoral triangle in the upper inner thigh; accidental arterial puncture here can cause serious hemorrhage.

  4. Which organ produces bile that is stored in the gallbladder and released to emulsify dietary fats in the duodenum?

    Answer: Liver

    The liver continuously produces bile, which is stored in the gallbladder and secreted into the duodenum when fatty food enters the small intestine.

  5. When performing a heel stick on a newborn, the maximum recommended puncture depth is 2.0 mm to avoid injuring which underlying structure?

    Answer: Calcaneus (heel bone)

    Puncturing deeper than 2.0 mm risks striking the calcaneus (heel bone), potentially causing osteomyelitis or osteochondritis in neonates.

  6. Which anatomical plane divides the body into left and right halves and is used to describe the position of midline structures?

    Answer: Sagittal (midsagittal) plane

    The midsagittal plane divides the body into equal left and right halves, and structures on this line are described as midline or median.

  7. The tunica media, the middle layer of a blood vessel wall, is composed primarily of which tissue type?

    Answer: Smooth muscle and elastic fibers

    The tunica media consists of smooth muscle and elastic tissue, allowing vessels to contract (vasoconstriction) and expand (vasodilation).