CRS Data Collection & Analysis 2

Question 1

Which sampling method ensures every member of the population has an equal chance of being selected?

Accepted Answer

Simple random sampling

Answer

Simple random sampling gives every population member an equal probability of selection, minimizing selection bias.

Question 2

A researcher collects data by directly watching participants perform tasks without interfering. This is called:

Accepted Answer

Naturalistic observation

Answer

Naturalistic observation involves watching subjects in their real environment without manipulation or intervention.

Question 3

In data analysis, what does a p-value below 0.05 conventionally indicate?

Accepted Answer

The result is statistically significant

Answer

A p-value below 0.05 means there is less than a 5% probability the result occurred by chance, indicating statistical significance.

Question 4

Which type of question on a survey allows respondents to answer in their own words?

Accepted Answer

Open-ended question

Answer

Open-ended questions provide no fixed answer choices, allowing respondents to express their thoughts freely.

Question 5

When a data collection instrument consistently measures the same construct the same way, it demonstrates:

Accepted Answer

Reliability

Answer

Reliability refers to the consistency of a measurement instrument across repeated administrations or raters.

(CRS) Certified Research Specialist Practice Test