CRNI Blood Transfusion 3

Question 1

What is the MOST common cause of fatal transfusion reactions?

Accepted Answer

ABO-incompatible transfusion due to patient misidentification

Answer

Clerical errors leading to ABO-incompatible transfusions remain the most common preventable cause of fatal transfusion reactions.

Question 2

A Jehovah's Witness patient requires urgent surgery with expected blood loss. Which blood management strategy is MOST appropriate?

Accepted Answer

Use autologous blood salvage with a continuous circuit

Answer

Autologous blood salvage using a continuous circuit (cell saver) that maintains contact with the patient's circulation is often acceptable to Jehovah's Witness patients.

Question 3

Which complication is specific to massive transfusion of cold blood products?

Accepted Answer

Hypothermia-induced cardiac arrhythmias

Answer

Rapid infusion of cold blood products can cause hypothermia, leading to cardiac arrhythmias, coagulopathy, and impaired oxygen delivery.

Question 4

What is the nursing priority when a hemolytic transfusion reaction is suspected?

Accepted Answer

Stop the transfusion and keep the IV line open with normal saline

Answer

The immediate priority in a suspected hemolytic reaction is to stop the transfusion to prevent further incompatible blood from entering the circulation, while maintaining IV access.

Question 5

Which laboratory test confirms an acute hemolytic transfusion reaction?

Accepted Answer

Direct antiglobulin test (DAT)

Answer

The direct antiglobulin test detects antibodies or complement attached to the patient's red blood cells, confirming immune-mediated hemolysis.

CRNI Exam Practice Test

CRNI Exam Practice Test

CRNI Blood Transfusion 3