CQIA Statistical Methods 5

Question 1

What is the primary purpose of a measurement system analysis (MSA) or gauge R&R study?

Accepted Answer

To evaluate the accuracy and precision of a measurement system

Answer

MSA/Gauge R&R quantifies how much of the observed variation comes from the measurement system itself versus the process.

Question 2

If a process has Cp = 1.5 and Cpk = 0.8, which conclusion is most accurate?

Accepted Answer

The process is capable but not centered within specifications

Answer

Cp > 1 means the spread fits within specs, but Cpk < 1 means the process is shifted off-center toward a spec limit.

Question 3

Which of the following statements about the median is correct?

Accepted Answer

It divides the dataset into two equal halves

Answer

The median is the middle value when data is sorted, dividing the distribution into two equal halves.

Question 4

In hypothesis testing, the p-value represents:

Accepted Answer

The probability of observing the data if the null hypothesis were true

Answer

The p-value is the probability of getting results at least as extreme as observed, assuming the null hypothesis is true.

Question 5

Which of the following sampling methods ensures every possible sample of a given size has an equal chance of selection?

Accepted Answer

Simple random sampling

Answer

Simple random sampling gives every possible combination of units an equal probability of being selected.

(CQIA) ASQ Certified Quality Improvement Associate Practice Test