Quality Tools & Techniques for Problem Solving Flashcards
7 cards from real CQIA practice questions. Tap to flip, then mark Knew It or Still Learning — missed cards come back until you master them.
Read the first 7 Quality Tools & Techniques for Problem Solving flashcards as text
A histogram shows data that is skewed to the right. This most likely indicates:
Answer: There is a natural lower limit preventing values from going below a threshold
Right-skewed data often results from a natural lower boundary (like zero), which clusters data on the left and stretches the tail to the right.
Which of the following BEST describes the purpose of a control chart's upper and lower control limits?
Answer: They identify the boundaries of common cause variation
Control limits are statistically calculated boundaries representing the expected range of common cause variation in a stable process.
An affinity diagram is MOST useful when a team needs to:
Answer: Organize a large volume of ideas into natural groupings
An affinity diagram organizes large amounts of qualitative data or ideas into logical groupings based on natural relationships.
In the Plan-Do-Check-Act (PDCA) cycle, what activity occurs during the 'Check' phase?
Answer: Evaluating results of the implemented plan against expected outcomes
The Check phase involves comparing actual results to expected outcomes to determine whether the plan achieved its goals.
A team discovers that 3 of 15 defect categories account for 78% of all defects. This finding is BEST visualized using a:
Answer: Pareto chart
A Pareto chart displays defect categories in descending order of frequency with a cumulative percentage line, making it easy to see which few categories dominate.
Which quality tool would help a team visually display how sub-processes and sub-causes relate to the main causes in a complex problem?
Answer: Tree diagram
A tree diagram systematically breaks down a main topic into sub-topics and details, showing hierarchical relationships between causes or tasks.
When plotting data on a scatter diagram, which outcome best supports considering a cause-and-effect relationship?
Answer: A clear linear pattern with points clustering around a line
A clear linear pattern in a scatter diagram suggests a potential relationship between the two variables, warranting further investigation.