Quality Fundamentals Flashcards
7 cards from real CQIA practice questions. Tap to flip, then mark Knew It or Still Learning — missed cards come back until you master them.
Read the first 7 Quality Fundamentals flashcards as text
Which of the following best describes the concept of 'voice of the customer' (VOC)?
Answer: The structured process of capturing customer expectations and requirements
VOC is a structured process for capturing customer needs, expectations, and preferences to drive quality improvement.
In the context of quality costs, which category includes costs spent on preventing defects from occurring?
Answer: Prevention costs
Prevention costs are investments made to prevent defects from occurring, such as training and process design.
A scatter diagram showing points that trend upward from left to right indicates:
Answer: A positive correlation between two variables
An upward-trending scatter diagram indicates a positive correlation—as one variable increases, the other tends to increase.
Which principle states that roughly 80% of effects come from 20% of causes?
Answer: Pareto principle
The Pareto principle (80/20 rule) states that a vital few causes are responsible for the majority of effects or defects.
Total Quality Management (TQM) differs from traditional quality control primarily because TQM:
Answer: Involves all employees and functions across the entire organization
TQM is a management philosophy that involves all employees and processes in continuous quality improvement throughout the organization.
A control chart that monitors the proportion of defective items in a sample uses which type of chart?
Answer: p chart
The p chart monitors the proportion (fraction) defective in samples of varying or constant size.
Which of Deming's 14 Points addresses the need to eliminate numerical quotas for workers?
Answer: Point 11 – Eliminate work standards and quotas
Deming's Point 11 calls for eliminating work standards and numerical quotas that focus on quantity over quality.