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Waste Treatment Technologies and Disposal Methods Flashcards

7 cards from real CPWM practice questions. Tap to flip, then mark Knew It or Still Learning — missed cards come back until you master them.

Read the first 7 Waste Treatment Technologies and Disposal Methods flashcards as text

  1. Which landfill gas component is primarily responsible for its energy recovery value?

    Answer: Methane

    Methane (approximately 50% of landfill gas by volume) is combustible and is the component harvested for energy recovery.

  2. Vitrification as a waste treatment method involves:

    Answer: Encapsulating contaminants in a glass-like matrix using high-temperature melting

    Vitrification uses extreme heat to melt waste and soil into a stable glass-like solid that immobilizes contaminants.

  3. What is 'bioreactor landfill' technology designed to do?

    Answer: Accelerate waste decomposition by recirculating leachate and adding moisture to optimize microbial activity

    Bioreactor landfills recirculate leachate and add moisture to accelerate biodegradation, increasing gas generation and waste settlement rates.

  4. Which of the following best describes 'deep well injection' as a waste disposal method?

    Answer: Injecting liquid waste into porous rock formations deep below underground sources of drinking water

    Deep well injection places liquid waste into geologically isolated porous formations well below any underground drinking water sources.

  5. The primary regulatory concern with co-disposal of industrial waste in municipal solid waste landfills is:

    Answer: Potential leaching of toxic substances that could compromise liner systems and groundwater

    Co-disposal raises concern that hazardous or toxic industrial waste could leach into and overwhelm the liner system, threatening groundwater.

  6. Mechanical biological treatment (MBT) facilities differ from conventional landfills primarily because they:

    Answer: Pre-treat mixed waste through mechanical separation and biological stabilization before disposal

    MBT combines mechanical sorting to recover recyclables with biological treatment to stabilize organic fractions before residuals are landfilled.

  7. What is the function of a 'daily cover' requirement at a sanitary landfill?

    Answer: To control vectors, reduce odors, prevent litter, and limit fire risk at the working face

    Regulations require daily cover (typically 6 inches of soil or alternative material) to control vectors, odors, litter, and fire hazards.