CPT Anatomy & Physiology Fundamentals 2 — Questions and Answers
Question 1: Which bone forms the posterior portion of the hard palate and separates the oral cavity from the nasal cavity?
- Vomer
- Palatine bone (Correct answer)
- Maxilla
- Sphenoid
Correct answer: Palatine bone
The palatine bone forms the posterior portion of the hard palate and plays a role in separating the oral and nasal cavities.
Question 2: A prosthetic technician needs to understand the cross-sectional anatomy of the residual limb. Which layer lies immediately deep to the skin and contains adipose tissue?
- Deep fascia
- Superficial fascia (Correct answer)
- Periosteum
- Epimysium
Correct answer: Superficial fascia
The superficial fascia (hypodermis) lies directly beneath the skin and contains adipose tissue that cushions the residual limb.
Question 3: Which muscle group is primarily responsible for knee extension and is critical to consider when fabricating a transfemoral prosthesis?
- Hamstrings
- Gastrocnemius
- Quadriceps femoris (Correct answer)
- Hip adductors
Correct answer: Quadriceps femoris
The quadriceps femoris group extends the knee and its residual function significantly affects gait with a transfemoral prosthesis.
Question 4: In the context of residual limb vascular assessment, which vessel is the primary arterial supply to the lower extremity?
- Femoral artery (Correct answer)
- Popliteal artery
- Posterior tibial artery
- Anterior tibial artery
Correct answer: Femoral artery
The femoral artery is the main arterial supply to the lower extremity, originating from the external iliac artery.
Question 5: Which anatomical landmark on the distal femur is most important when determining socket trim lines for a transfemoral prosthesis?
- Lesser trochanter
- Linea aspera
- Femoral condyles (Correct answer)
- Adductor tubercle
Correct answer: Femoral condyles
The femoral condyles represent the distal end of the femur and guide socket trim line placement in transfemoral prosthetics.
Question 6: Synovial fluid serves as a lubricant in joints. Which cells in the synovial membrane produce this fluid?
- Chondrocytes
- Osteoblasts
- Synoviocytes (Correct answer)
- Fibroblasts
Correct answer: Synoviocytes
Synoviocytes (synovial cells) line the synovial membrane and secrete synovial fluid that lubricates and nourishes articular cartilage.
Question 7: When reviewing dermatomes relevant to lower-limb prosthetics, which spinal nerve root primarily innervates the medial aspect of the leg and foot?
- L3
- L4 (Correct answer)
- S1
- S2
Correct answer: L4
The L4 dermatome covers the medial leg and foot, and its integrity is important when assessing sensation in the residual limb.
CPT Anatomy & Physiology Fundamentals 2
Which bone forms the posterior portion of the hard palate and separates the oral cavity from the nasal cavity?