Anatomy & Physiology Fundamentals Flashcards
7 cards from real CPT practice questions. Tap to flip, then mark Knew It or Still Learning — missed cards come back until you master them.
Read the first 7 Anatomy & Physiology Fundamentals flashcards as text
Which type of bone tissue found in the epiphyses of long bones has a honeycomb structure that reduces weight while maintaining strength?
Answer: Cancellous (trabecular) bone
Cancellous (trabecular) bone has an open lattice structure that provides strength with minimal mass, found in epiphyses and vertebral bodies.
In the context of upper-limb prosthetics, the rotator cuff muscles stabilize the glenohumeral joint. Which rotator cuff muscle is most commonly torn?
Answer: Supraspinatus
The supraspinatus tendon is the most frequently torn rotator cuff muscle due to its position under the acromion and susceptibility to impingement.
A below-elbow amputee retains pronation and supination. Which two forearm muscles are primarily responsible for these movements?
Answer: Pronator teres and supinator
Pronator teres pronates the forearm while the supinator (assisted by biceps) performs supination, key motions harnessed in body-powered prostheses.
Heterotopic ossification (HO) can form in residual limbs of military amputees. Which tissue layer does HO primarily form within?
Answer: Muscle and soft tissue
Heterotopic ossification is the pathological formation of bone within muscle and soft tissue, often triggered by blast injury or trauma.
The sciatic nerve bifurcates into two branches. At approximately which location does this division typically occur?
Answer: Apex of the popliteal fossa
The sciatic nerve typically divides into the tibial and common peroneal nerves at the apex of the popliteal fossa, though variation exists.
Which property of skeletal muscle allows it to return to its resting length after being stretched, important for residual limb volume stability?
Answer: Elasticity
Elasticity is the ability of muscle tissue to recoil to its original length after stretching, contributing to consistent residual limb shape.
Which anatomical plane divides the body into anterior and posterior halves, and is used to describe A-P socket dimensions in prosthetics?
Answer: Frontal (coronal) plane
The frontal (coronal) plane divides the body into front and back halves, and anteroposterior (A-P) socket measurements reference this plane.