Anatomy, Biomechanics, & Gait Analysis Flashcards

Which muscle group is primarily responsible for eccentric control of the knee during the loading response phase of gait?

Answer: Quadriceps

The quadriceps contract eccentrically during loading response to control knee flexion and absorb shock.

In a transtibial amputee, which gait deviation is most commonly caused by excessive socket flexion?

Answer: Anterior trunk lean

Excessive socket flexion shifts the patient's center of mass forward, causing an anterior trunk lean during stance.

The tensor fasciae latae muscle primarily functions as which of the following during gait?

Answer: Hip flexor, abductor, and internal rotator

The tensor fasciae latae performs hip flexion, abduction, and internal rotation, contributing to swing phase initiation.

During normal gait, at what percentage of the gait cycle does toe-off typically occur?

Answer: 62%

Toe-off occurs at approximately 62% of the gait cycle, marking the end of stance and beginning of swing phase.

Which anatomical structure forms the primary medial stabilizer of the ankle joint?

Answer: Deltoid ligament

The deltoid (medial collateral) ligament is a strong, triangular structure providing primary medial ankle stability.

A transfemoral amputee who walks with a lateral trunk lean toward the prosthetic side most likely has:

Answer: Inadequate prosthetic side hip abductor strength or a short prosthesis

Lateral lean toward the prosthetic side (Trendelenburg gait) results from weak residual limb hip abductors or a prosthesis that is too short.

Which term describes the rotational force that causes the prosthetic foot to pronate or supinate relative to the socket during gait?

Answer: Torsional moment

A torsional moment is the rotational force acting along the longitudinal axis of the prosthetic limb that influences foot alignment.