Quality Assurance & Improvement Flashcards
7 cards from real CPS practice questions. Tap to flip, then mark Knew It or Still Learning — missed cards come back until you master them.
Read the first 7 Quality Assurance & Improvement flashcards as text
Which of the following best describes the 'Voice of the Customer' (VoC) in quality management?
Answer: A method to capture customer needs, expectations, and preferences
VoC is a research technique that captures customers' stated and unstated expectations to drive product and process design decisions.
In a FMEA (Failure Mode and Effects Analysis), the Risk Priority Number (RPN) is calculated as:
Answer: Severity × Occurrence × Detection
RPN = Severity × Occurrence × Detection, and is used to prioritize failure modes for corrective action.
Which quality principle states that quality should be designed into a product or process rather than inspected in afterward?
Answer: Prevention over inspection
The prevention principle recognizes that identifying and eliminating defect causes early is far more cost-effective than catching defects after the fact.
A Gauge R&R study is conducted to evaluate:
Answer: Measurement system variation relative to total process variation
Gauge R&R (Repeatability and Reproducibility) assesses how much of the observed process variation is attributable to the measurement system itself.
The '5 Whys' technique is primarily used for:
Answer: Identifying the root cause of a problem by repeatedly asking why
The 5 Whys technique drills down through symptom layers by asking 'why' repeatedly until the underlying root cause is identified.
In statistical process control, a 'run rule' violation occurs when:
Answer: A non-random pattern of points suggests special cause variation
Run rules (such as the Western Electric rules) detect non-random patterns within control limits that signal special causes not caught by the basic 3-sigma rule alone.
ISO 9001:2015 is based on which of the following quality management principles?
Answer: Seven quality management principles including customer focus and leadership
ISO 9001:2015 is built on seven quality management principles: customer focus, leadership, engagement of people, process approach, improvement, evidence-based decision making, and relationship management.