CPR Stroke Recognition and Response

Question 1

What does the acronym 'FAST' stand for in stroke recognition?

Accepted Answer

Face droop, Arm weakness, Speech difficulty, Time to call 911

Answer

Fever, Altered consciousness, Seizure, Transport

Answer

Face pain, Asymmetric pupils, Severe headache, Tingling

Answer

Fatigue, Arrhythmia, Stroke symptoms, Treatment

Question 2

What is the maximum time window for administration of tPA (tissue plasminogen activator) for eligible ischemic stroke patients?

Accepted Answer

3-4.5 hours from last known well time

Answer

1 hour from symptom onset

Answer

6 hours from symptom onset

Answer

12 hours from symptom onset

Question 3

A patient suddenly develops severe 'thunderclap' headache described as 'the worst headache of my life.' What type of stroke should be suspected?

Accepted Answer

Subarachnoid hemorrhage (bleeding around the brain)

Answer

Ischemic stroke from large vessel occlusion

Answer

Transient ischemic attack (TIA)

Answer

Hypertensive encephalopathy

Question 4

Which of the following is NOT a typical warning sign of stroke?

Accepted Answer

Gradual onset of bilateral leg weakness over several days

Answer

Sudden numbness or weakness of the face, arm, or leg, especially on one side

Answer

Sudden confusion, trouble speaking, or understanding speech

Answer

Sudden trouble seeing in one or both eyes

Question 5

What is the difference between an ischemic stroke and a hemorrhagic stroke?

Accepted Answer

Ischemic stroke is caused by a clot blocking blood flow; hemorrhagic stroke is caused by a ruptured blood vessel bleeding into or around the brain

Answer

Ischemic stroke involves bleeding in the brain; hemorrhagic stroke involves a clot

Answer

They are different names for the same condition

Answer

Ischemic stroke only affects the brainstem; hemorrhagic stroke only affects the cortex

Question 6

What is a transient ischemic attack (TIA), and why is it clinically important?

Accepted Answer

A brief episode of neurological dysfunction caused by temporary brain ischemia that resolves completely, serving as a warning sign of impending stroke

Answer

A mild stroke with permanent but minor deficits

Answer

A type of heart attack that mimics stroke symptoms

Answer

A stroke that only affects the eye

Question 7

What is the recommended first response action when stroke is suspected in a community setting?

Accepted Answer

Call 911 immediately and note the time symptoms started

Answer

Drive the patient to the hospital immediately

Answer

Give the patient aspirin and water

Answer

Wait 30 minutes to see if symptoms resolve

Question 8

Which scale is commonly used by EMS providers to screen for stroke in the field?

Accepted Answer

Cincinnati Prehospital Stroke Scale (CPSS)

Answer

Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS)

Answer

NIHSS (National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale)

Answer

ABCD2 Score

Question 9

What does 'penumbra' refer to in the context of ischemic stroke management?

Accepted Answer

The zone of ischemic but potentially salvageable brain tissue surrounding the core infarct

Answer

The area of dead brain tissue at the center of the infarct

Answer

Bleeding around the stroke area

Answer

The shadow of the clot seen on CT scan

Question 10

What type of stroke involves a blood vessel rupturing within the brain tissue itself (not in the subarachnoid space)?

Accepted Answer

Intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH)

Answer

Subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH)

Answer

Embolic ischemic stroke

Answer

Lacunar infarct