Mixed Deck — All CPR Topics Flashcards

What should a rescuer do if the first rescue breath does not cause the chest to rise?

Answer: Reposition the airway and attempt a second breath

If the first breath does not produce chest rise, reposition the airway (retilt the head and lift the chin) before attempting a second breath.

What does CPR stand for?

Answer: Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation

CPR stands for Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation, a life-saving technique used when someone's heart or breathing has stopped.

What is the recommended treatment for a conscious adult who is choking and cannot cough, speak, or breathe?

Answer: Abdominal thrusts (Heimlich maneuver)

For a conscious adult with a complete airway obstruction (unable to cough, speak, or breathe), deliver abdominal thrusts (Heimlich maneuver) until the object is dislodged or the victim becomes unconscious.

What is the correct compression depth for child CPR?

Answer: At least 1.5 inches (4 cm)

Child chest compressions should be at least 2 inches (5 cm) deep — about one-third of the chest's anterior-posterior diameter.

In CPR guidelines, what age range defines a 'child'?

Answer: 1 year to puberty (approximately 12 years)

AHA guidelines define a child as being between 1 year old and the onset of puberty for the purpose of CPR technique selection.

When should you stop performing CPR?

Answer: When the victim shows signs of life, EMS takes over, or you are too exhausted to continue

CPR should stop when the victim regains signs of life, trained EMS personnel take over, an AED advises to stop, or the rescuer is physically unable to continue.

Which of the following MOST commonly causes gastric inflation during rescue breathing?

Answer: Delivering breaths that are too forceful or too fast

Excessive force or speed when delivering rescue breaths can cause air to enter the stomach (gastric inflation) instead of the lungs.

Where should you place your hands during adult chest compressions?

Answer: On the lower half of the sternum

Compressions should be delivered on the lower half of the sternum (breastbone), with the heel of your hand centered on the chest.

What is a Good Samaritan law?

Answer: A law that provides legal protection to bystanders who voluntarily provide emergency care in good faith

Good Samaritan laws, enacted in all 50 US states, protect lay rescuers from civil liability when they voluntarily and in good faith provide emergency care during a crisis.

What is 'hands-only CPR' and when is it recommended?

Answer: Continuous chest compressions without rescue breaths, recommended for witnessed adult cardiac arrest by untrained bystanders

Hands-only CPR (compression-only) is recommended for bystanders who witness an adult suddenly collapse and are untrained or uncomfortable giving breaths.

What is agonal breathing and how should a rescuer respond to it?

Answer: Irregular gasping that signals the heart has stopped — treat as cardiac arrest and start CPR

Agonal breathing is gasping, irregular breathing that occurs shortly after cardiac arrest and is not effective — rescuers should recognize it as a cardiac arrest sign and begin CPR.

Can an AED be used on a victim who is pregnant?

Answer: Yes — cardiac arrest in pregnancy is treated the same way, and AED use is not contraindicated

AED use is not contraindicated in pregnancy; maternal cardiac arrest requires immediate CPR and defibrillation since the best outcome for both mother and fetus depends on restoring the mother's circulation.

What is 'closed-loop communication' in a resuscitation team?

Answer: Confirming receipt of an order by repeating it back to the sender and reporting completion

Closed-loop communication means the receiver of an order repeats it back to confirm understanding, then reports back when the task is completed, preventing errors during high-stress resuscitation.

How is CPR performed on a victim with a stoma (tracheal opening in the neck)?

Answer: Give rescue breaths into the stoma instead of the mouth

For a victim with a stoma, rescue breaths are delivered directly into the stoma opening since it is the airway — a standard mask can be placed over the stoma.

A rescuer notices the victim's stomach rising during rescue breaths. What is the BEST corrective action?

Answer: Reposition the airway and give smaller, slower breaths

Repositioning the airway and delivering smaller, slower breaths reduces gastric inflation by ensuring air enters the lungs rather than the stomach.

For an infant, where should you check for a pulse?

Answer: Brachial (upper arm)

The brachial pulse on the inner upper arm is the recommended pulse check site for infants because their necks are short and the carotid is difficult to palpate.

A bystander witnesses a person with a known seizure disorder fall and become unresponsive. What is the first priority?

Answer: Check for responsiveness and breathing to determine if CPR is needed

Regardless of seizure history, an unresponsive person must be assessed for responsiveness, normal breathing, and pulse to determine whether CPR is needed.

What does 'OSHA CPR requirement' mean for many US workplaces?

Answer: OSHA regulations require that certain high-risk workplaces have personnel trained in CPR and first aid

OSHA standards require employers in certain industries (construction, healthcare, etc.) to ensure that trained first-aid responders, including CPR-trained personnel, are available at the worksite.

When two rescuers are performing CPR on an adult, what is the compression-to-ventilation ratio?

Answer: 30:2

Two rescuers performing adult CPR still use a 30:2 ratio; a 15:2 ratio is reserved for two-rescuer infant and child CPR.

What should you do if the AED advises 'No shock advised'?

Answer: Immediately resume CPR

If the AED advises no shock, immediately resume CPR starting with compressions — a non-shockable rhythm (asystole, PEA) still requires CPR to maintain perfusion.