CPNRE Health Promotion and Disease Prevention 2 — Questions and Answers
Question 1: A community health nurse applies the Ottawa Charter for Health Promotion. Which action reflects the 'building healthy public policy' action area?
- Establishing a walking club for seniors in the community
- Advocating for a workplace smoke-free policy (Correct answer)
- Teaching a client about healthy eating habits
- Providing a client with information about cancer screening
Correct answer: Advocating for a workplace smoke-free policy
Building healthy public policy involves creating laws, regulations, and policies (such as workplace smoke-free rules) that make healthy choices easier.
Question 2: A nurse is assessing a client's readiness to change using the Transtheoretical Model. The client says, 'I know I need to exercise, but I'm not planning to start for at least six months.' The client is in which stage?
- Precontemplation
- Contemplation (Correct answer)
- Preparation
- Maintenance
Correct answer: Contemplation
Contemplation is the stage where individuals acknowledge a need to change but are not planning to act within the next 30 days; thinking about change in 6 months fits this stage.
Question 3: Which immunization is recommended by the National Advisory Committee on Immunization (NACI) for adults over 65 years?
- MMR (measles, mumps, rubella) booster
- Annual influenza vaccine (Correct answer)
- Varicella vaccine
- HPV vaccine
Correct answer: Annual influenza vaccine
NACI recommends an annual influenza vaccine for all Canadians, particularly older adults who are at higher risk of serious influenza complications.
Question 4: A nurse is using motivational interviewing (MI) with a client who is ambivalent about reducing alcohol intake. Which response BEST reflects the MI spirit?
- 'You really need to cut down — alcohol is damaging your liver.'
- 'Tell me what concerns you most about your current drinking habits.' (Correct answer)
- 'Most people in your situation quit drinking entirely.'
- 'If you don't reduce intake, you will develop cirrhosis.'
Correct answer: 'Tell me what concerns you most about your current drinking habits.'
Motivational interviewing uses open-ended, non-confrontational questions to explore the client's own concerns and ambivalence, supporting autonomy.
Question 5: A public health nurse is planning a breast cancer awareness campaign. To reach the greatest number of at-risk women, the nurse should FIRST identify:
- Available funding for mammography subsidies
- The age group with the highest incidence of breast cancer
- Effective communication channels used by the target population (Correct answer)
- Community organizations willing to partner in the campaign
Correct answer: Effective communication channels used by the target population
Identifying how the target population receives and exchanges information ensures the campaign messages reach and resonate with the intended audience.
Question 6: Which behaviour modification technique is most effective when helping a client adopt a new exercise routine?
- Providing detailed brochures about the benefits of exercise
- Setting small, specific, achievable goals with regular follow-up (Correct answer)
- Telling the client to exercise daily for at least one hour
- Referring the client to a physiotherapist immediately
Correct answer: Setting small, specific, achievable goals with regular follow-up
Goal-setting theory supports breaking behaviour change into small, specific, measurable steps with frequent reinforcement, which improves adherence.
Question 7: A nurse is assessing health literacy in a client receiving discharge instructions. Which finding suggests low health literacy?
- The client asks many detailed questions about their medications
- The client nods frequently but cannot repeat key instructions back (Correct answer)
- The client requests written materials to take home
- The client contacts the clinic the following day to clarify information
Correct answer: The client nods frequently but cannot repeat key instructions back
Nodding without being able to teach-back information indicates the client may not have understood the instructions, a common sign of low health literacy.
CPNRE Health Promotion and Disease Prevention 2
A community health nurse applies the Ottawa Charter for Health Promotion.
Which action reflects the 'building healthy public policy' action area?