Health Promotion and Disease Prevention Flashcards

A nurse working in an Indigenous community wants to incorporate cultural safety into health promotion activities. Which action BEST demonstrates cultural safety?

Answer: Inviting community Elders to co-design and lead health sessions

Cultural safety goes beyond translation or décor by actively sharing power — co-designing programs with Elders ensures the community's values and knowledge shape the intervention.

A nurse is applying the stages of change model (Transtheoretical Model) to a client who says 'I know I should quit smoking but I'm not ready yet.' The client is in which stage?

Answer: Contemplation

Acknowledging a problem but not yet committing to change places the client in the contemplation stage, where motivational interviewing is the most appropriate intervention.

A practical nurse is teaching clients about the Canadian Diabetes Risk Assessment (CANRISK) questionnaire. This tool is PRIMARILY used for:

Answer: Identifying individuals at high risk of developing type 2 diabetes

CANRISK is a validated screening questionnaire that identifies adults at elevated risk for type 2 diabetes so that preventive lifestyle interventions can be offered before onset.

Which intervention BEST addresses the health promotion principle of 'creating supportive environments' as described in the Ottawa Charter?

Answer: Advocating for a smoke-free policy in all public buildings

Advocating for smoke-free legislation changes the environment to make healthy choices easier for everyone, which is the core of the Ottawa Charter's supportive environments pillar.

A school nurse notices that many students skip breakfast and have poor concentration by mid-morning. The MOST upstream intervention would be to:

Answer: Advocate for a universal school breakfast program funded by the school board

Advocating for a structural, funded breakfast program addresses the social and economic root causes of hunger rather than placing responsibility on individual students or families.

A nurse is evaluating a community fall-prevention program for older adults. Which outcome indicator BEST measures program effectiveness?

Answer: Percentage reduction in fall-related emergency department visits

A reduction in fall-related ED visits is a health outcome indicator that directly measures whether the program achieved its goal of preventing falls.

A practical nurse is teaching a client about Pap test frequency. According to current Canadian cervical cancer screening guidelines, women aged 25–69 with no abnormal results should be screened how often?

Answer: Every three years

Canadian guidelines recommend cervical cytology (Pap test) every three years for average-risk women aged 25–69 who have had three consecutive normal results.