Health Promotion and Disease Prevention Flashcards

A nurse is designing a fall prevention program for community-dwelling older adults. Which intervention has the strongest evidence for reducing fall risk?

Answer: Implementing a supervised balance and strength exercise program

Supervised balance and strength training programs have the strongest evidence base for reducing fall incidence in community-dwelling older adults.

When providing health education to a client, which teaching strategy BEST supports adult learning principles?

Answer: Linking new information to the client's own experiences and goals

Adult learning (andragogy) principles emphasize connecting new content to learners' prior experiences and self-identified goals to enhance relevance and retention.

A nurse is conducting a home visit and notices the client has multiple expired medications. Which action reflects tertiary prevention?

Answer: Referring the client to a pharmacist for a comprehensive medication review to manage chronic disease complications

Tertiary prevention aims to reduce the impact of established disease; a pharmacist review to manage complications of chronic conditions in a medicated client fits this level.

A school nurse is implementing a head lice prevention program. Which level of prevention does this represent?

Answer: Primary prevention

Preventing head lice infestation before it occurs through education and environmental measures is primary prevention targeted at a healthy population.

A nurse is helping a client with hypertension adopt the DASH diet. Which food choice should the nurse encourage?

Answer: Low-fat dairy products and fresh vegetables

The DASH (Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension) diet emphasizes fruits, vegetables, and low-fat dairy while limiting sodium and saturated fat.

A community nurse is evaluating the outcome of a diabetes prevention program. Which outcome indicator BEST reflects the program's effectiveness?

Answer: Percentage of at-risk participants who achieved a 5–7% body weight reduction

A 5–7% body weight reduction in high-risk individuals is the evidence-based outcome linked to significant reduction in progression to type 2 diabetes.

A nurse working in a community clinic prioritizes health equity. Which action BEST reflects this commitment?

Answer: Providing additional support and resources to clients facing social disadvantages

Health equity requires providing more resources or tailored support to those who face greater barriers, so that all individuals can achieve the same level of health.