Disability Types and Barriers Flashcards

What is the difference between congenital and acquired disabilities?

Answer: Congenital disabilities are present from birth while acquired disabilities develop later in life due to illness, injury, or aging

Congenital disabilities are present at or before birth, while acquired disabilities result from injury, illness, aging, or environmental factors after birth.

Which of the following is an example of an attitudinal barrier faced by people with disabilities?

Answer: Assumptions that a person with a disability cannot perform a job or make their own decisions

Attitudinal barriers are prejudices and discriminatory attitudes that prevent equal participation.

What are 'communication barriers' for people with disabilities?

Answer: Obstacles preventing effective exchange of information, such as lack of sign language interpreters, inaccessible formats, or complex language

Communication barriers encompass any obstacle to effective information exchange across multiple disability types.

What is 'low vision' and how does it differ from blindness?

Answer: Low vision is a significant visual impairment retaining some usable vision, whereas blindness refers to complete or near-complete absence of sight

Low vision cannot be fully corrected but retains some functional vision, while blindness indicates no or minimal functional vision.

What types of barriers does a person with an intellectual disability commonly face in digital environments?

Answer: Cognitive barriers including complex language, confusing navigation, inconsistent design, lack of visual supports, and abstract content

People with intellectual disabilities face barriers from complex language, cluttered layouts, inconsistent navigation, and abstract concepts without visual support.

What is 'ableism' and how does it manifest as a barrier?

Answer: Discrimination against people with disabilities based on the belief that typical abilities are superior, manifesting as systemic and interpersonal barriers

Ableism privileges non-disabled experiences, manifesting through exclusionary design, biased policies, stereotyping, and social structures assuming non-disabled function as default.