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Airway Management and Respiratory Emergencies Flashcards

7 cards from real COPR practice questions. Tap to flip, then mark Knew It or Still Learning — missed cards come back until you master them.

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  1. End-tidal CO2 (ETCO2) monitoring during cardiac arrest CPR shows a sudden increase from 15 mmHg to 45 mmHg without any change in CPR technique. What does this MOST likely indicate?

    Answer: Return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC)

    A sudden rise in ETCO2 during CPR without changes in technique strongly indicates ROSC, as the resuming heart pumps CO2-laden blood to the lungs.

  2. A patient presents with acute pulmonary edema secondary to congestive heart failure. Which of the following treatment combinations is MOST appropriate in the prehospital setting?

    Answer: High-flow oxygen, IV furosemide, and nitroglycerin with CPAP/BiPAP

    CPAP reduces preload, improves oxygenation, and decreases work of breathing; nitroglycerin reduces preload/afterload; and furosemide promotes diuresis in cardiogenic pulmonary edema.

  3. Which of the following is the MOST reliable method for ongoing confirmation of ETT placement during patient transport?

    Answer: Continuous waveform capnography

    Continuous waveform capnography provides real-time, breath-by-breath confirmation of tracheal placement and immediately detects tube displacement during transport.

  4. A 3-year-old child presents with sudden onset high-pitched stridor, drooling, and a fever of 40°C (104°F). The child is sitting upright in a tripod position and appears toxic. What condition should be MOST suspected?

    Answer: Epiglottitis

    High fever, toxic appearance, drooling, stridor, and tripod positioning are classic signs of epiglottitis, a life-threatening emergency requiring gentle airway management and immediate transport.

  5. When is a surgical airway (cricothyrotomy) indicated in the prehospital setting?

    Answer: In a can't intubate, can't oxygenate (CICO) situation after failed airway attempts

    Cricothyrotomy is a rescue procedure of last resort indicated in the CICO scenario when all other airway management attempts have failed and the patient cannot be oxygenated.

  6. A patient with a tracheostomy is in respiratory distress. The stoma appears obstructed with secretions and suctioning does not clear it. What is the appropriate next step?

    Answer: Remove the tracheostomy tube, attempt bag-mask ventilation via the stoma

    Removing the obstructed tracheostomy tube and attempting BVM ventilation via the stoma allows oxygenation while preparing for re-insertion or alternate tube management.

  7. During bag-valve-mask ventilation of an apneic adult, what is the recommended tidal volume and rate to avoid hyperventilation?

    Answer: 500-600 mL at 10-12 breaths per minute with visible chest rise

    Current guidelines recommend 500-600 mL (visible chest rise) at 10-12 breaths/min to achieve adequate oxygenation without the harmful effects of hyperventilation.