COPR Airway Management and Respiratory Emergencies 3

Question 1

End-tidal CO2 (ETCO2) monitoring during cardiac arrest CPR shows a sudden increase from 15 mmHg to 45 mmHg without any change in CPR technique. What does this MOST likely indicate?

Accepted Answer

Return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC)

Answer

Endotracheal tube has become dislodged

Answer

Hyperventilation by the rescuer

Answer

Tube displacement into the right mainstem bronchus

Question 2

A patient presents with acute pulmonary edema secondary to congestive heart failure. Which of the following treatment combinations is MOST appropriate in the prehospital setting?

Accepted Answer

High-flow oxygen, IV furosemide, and nitroglycerin with CPAP/BiPAP

Answer

Albuterol nebulization, IV fluid bolus, and supplemental oxygen

Answer

IV morphine as first-line therapy, furosemide, and intubation

Answer

Prone positioning, IV atropine, and supplemental oxygen

Question 3

Which of the following is the MOST reliable method for ongoing confirmation of ETT placement during patient transport?

Accepted Answer

Continuous waveform capnography

Answer

Repeated auscultation at every check

Answer

Chest X-ray upon hospital arrival

Answer

Pulse oximetry trends

Question 4

A 3-year-old child presents with sudden onset high-pitched stridor, drooling, and a fever of 40°C (104°F). The child is sitting upright in a tripod position and appears toxic. What condition should be MOST suspected?

Accepted Answer

Epiglottitis

Answer

Croup (laryngotracheobronchitis)

Answer

Foreign body aspiration

Answer

Bacterial tracheitis

Question 5

When is a surgical airway (cricothyrotomy) indicated in the prehospital setting?

Accepted Answer

In a can't intubate, can't oxygenate (CICO) situation after failed airway attempts

Answer

When endotracheal intubation is the preferred route but difficult

Answer

As a first-line airway for all trauma patients

Answer

Whenever RSI is being considered

Question 6

A patient with a tracheostomy is in respiratory distress. The stoma appears obstructed with secretions and suctioning does not clear it. What is the appropriate next step?

Accepted Answer

Remove the tracheostomy tube, attempt bag-mask ventilation via the stoma

Answer

Ventilate via the stoma with BVM at high pressure to clear the obstruction

Answer

Insert an endotracheal tube orally and manage the traditional airway

Answer

Occlude the stoma and provide BVM ventilation via the mouth and nose

Question 7

During bag-valve-mask ventilation of an apneic adult, what is the recommended tidal volume and rate to avoid hyperventilation?

Accepted Answer

500-600 mL at 10-12 breaths per minute with visible chest rise

Answer

500-600 mL at 20 breaths per minute

Answer

800-1000 mL at 8 breaths per minute

Answer

400 mL at 16 breaths per minute