Connecticut Foundations of Reading Test Phonological & Phonemic Awareness Flashcards

Which of the following words contains exactly three phonemes?

Answer: Ship

'Ship' has three phonemes: /ʃ/, /ɪ/, /p/, making it the correct choice.

A student is asked to change the first sound in 'bat' to /s/ to make a new word. This task is called:

Answer: Phoneme substitution

Phoneme substitution involves replacing one phoneme in a word with another to form a new word.

Which progression correctly reflects the developmental sequence of phonological awareness skills from simplest to most complex?

Answer: Rhyme → syllable → onset-rime → phoneme

Research shows phonological awareness develops from larger units (rhyme, syllable) to smaller units (onset-rime, individual phoneme).

When a teacher asks students which word does NOT rhyme — 'cat, hat, dog' — what skill is being assessed?

Answer: Rhyme discrimination

Rhyme discrimination requires students to identify whether words share the same rime unit, distinguishing rhyming from non-rhyming words.

The onset in the word 'frog' is:

Answer: /fr/

The onset is all consonants before the vowel in a syllable; in 'frog,' the consonant cluster /fr/ is the onset.

Which instructional activity best develops phonemic awareness in kindergarteners?

Answer: Oral sound sorting by initial phoneme

Oral sound sorting by initial phoneme is an auditory phonemic awareness activity that doesn't require print and is appropriate for kindergarteners.