COA Ocular Anatomy and Physiology 2

Question 1

The crystalline lens is held in position by which structure?

Accepted Answer

Zonular fibers (suspensory ligaments)

Answer

Vitreous humor pressure

Answer

The posterior iris surface

Answer

Corneal pressure

Question 2

Accommodation refers to which physiologic process?

Accepted Answer

Changing lens curvature to focus at different distances

Answer

Adjustment of pupil size to light

Answer

Adjustment of color perception in dim light

Answer

Regulation of aqueous humor production

Question 3

The vitreous humor consists primarily of:

Accepted Answer

Water with collagen fibrils and hyaluronic acid

Answer

Lipids and plasma proteins

Answer

Blood cells and serum

Answer

Aqueous fluid identical to the anterior chamber

Question 4

Which photoreceptor cells are responsible for night (scotopic) vision?

Accepted Answer

Rods

Answer

Cones

Answer

Ganglion cells

Answer

Müller cells

Question 5

Visual information travels from the retina via the optic nerve to which structure first?

Accepted Answer

Lateral geniculate nucleus of the thalamus

Answer

Primary visual cortex directly

Answer

Superior colliculus only

Answer

Cerebellum

Question 6

Pupil constriction (miosis) and dilation (mydriasis) are controlled by which iris muscles?

Accepted Answer

Sphincter muscle for miosis and dilator muscle for mydriasis

Answer

Ciliary muscle for both responses

Answer

Choroidal smooth muscle

Answer

Zonular fiber tension