Ocular Anatomy and Physiology Flashcards
6 cards from real COA practice questions. Tap to flip, then mark Knew It or Still Learning — missed cards come back until you master them.
Read the first 6 Ocular Anatomy and Physiology flashcards as text
The avascular cornea receives oxygen primarily from which sources?
Answer: Tear film and aqueous humor
The cornea gets oxygen anteriorly from the tear film and posteriorly from the aqueous humor due to its avascularity.
Which layer of the cornea has the greatest capacity for regeneration after injury?
Answer: Epithelium
The corneal epithelium regenerates completely within 24–72 hours because of its rapid mitotic activity.
Aqueous humor is produced by which ocular structure?
Answer: Ciliary body
The ciliary body produces aqueous humor through active secretion and passive ultrafiltration from ciliary processes.
The macula lutea is characterized by which feature?
Answer: High concentration of cones and the fovea centralis
The macula contains the highest cone density and the fovea centralis, providing the sharpest central vision.
The physiologic blind spot corresponds to which ocular structure?
Answer: The optic disc where no photoreceptors exist
The optic disc contains no photoreceptors because retinal nerve fibers exit here, creating a scotoma about 15 degrees temporal to fixation.
Which cranial nerve controls the majority of extraocular muscles?
Answer: CN III (oculomotor)
CN III controls the superior rectus, inferior rectus, medial rectus, inferior oblique, and levator palpebrae superioris.