Ocular Anatomy and Physiology Flashcards
6 cards from real COA practice questions. Tap to flip, then mark Knew It or Still Learning — missed cards come back until you master them.
Read the first 6 Ocular Anatomy and Physiology flashcards as text
The choroid layer primarily provides nutrition to which ocular structure?
Answer: Outer retinal layers including photoreceptors
The choriocapillaris supplies oxygen and nutrients to the photoreceptors and retinal pigment epithelium via diffusion.
Convergence insufficiency most significantly impairs which daily activity?
Answer: Reading and sustained near work
Convergence insufficiency causes the eyes to have difficulty maintaining alignment at near, producing symptoms during reading.
The normal tear film is composed of how many distinct layers?
Answer: Three layers: lipid, aqueous, and mucin
The tear film has three layers: outer lipid (from meibomian glands), middle aqueous (from lacrimal gland), and inner mucin (from goblet cells).
Which structure produces the lipid (outer) layer of the tear film?
Answer: Meibomian glands of the eyelid
Meibomian glands are sebaceous glands within the tarsal plates that secrete the lipid layer to reduce tear evaporation.
The trabecular meshwork is clinically significant because it:
Answer: Is the primary drainage site for aqueous humor
The trabecular meshwork drains approximately 80–90% of aqueous humor into Schlemm's canal, and its dysfunction elevates IOP.
The retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) performs which critical daily function?
Answer: Phagocytoses shed photoreceptor outer segments
The RPE phagocytoses and recycles the outer segment discs shed daily by rod and cone photoreceptors to maintain retinal health.