CO Pediatric Eye Development & Vision Screening Flashcards

Which vision screening approach does the American Academy of Pediatrics recommend for children aged 3–5 years?

Answer: Photoscreening or autorefraction

The AAP recommends photoscreening or autorefraction for children aged 3–5 years, as these instrument-based methods are reliable in young, pre-cooperative children.

Which neonatal ocular condition can cause permanent severe vision loss if not treated within the first weeks of life?

Answer: Congenital cataracts

Congenital cataracts cause visual deprivation amblyopia and must be treated within the first weeks of life to prevent permanent, severe vision loss.

The approximate best-corrected visual acuity of a healthy full-term neonate at birth is:

Answer: 20/400–20/600

At birth, a full-term neonate has visual acuity of approximately 20/400 to 20/600 because the visual system is still immature.

The Worth 4-Dot test primarily assesses:

Answer: Binocular sensory fusion and suppression

The Worth 4-Dot test evaluates binocular sensory fusion and detects suppression or diplopia at distance and near.

Congenital (infantile) esotropia is typically characterized by:

Answer: Large, constant angle greater than 30 PD

Congenital (infantile) esotropia is typically characterized by a large, constant angle of deviation greater than 30 prism diopters present from birth or within the first 6 months.

Which refractive error is most closely associated with accommodative esotropia?

Answer: Hyperopia

Accommodative esotropia is most commonly associated with uncorrected hyperopia, as excessive accommodation drives convergence and causes esotropia.