CO Optical Instruments & Diagnostic Equipment Flashcards

Which instrument is primarily used to measure the angle of deviation in strabismus by projecting a light onto each cornea?

Answer: Krimsky test

The Krimsky test uses a prism placed before one eye while observing corneal light reflexes to measure the angle of strabismic deviation.

A synoptophore (amblyoscope) is BEST used to assess which of the following?

Answer: Binocular vision and fusion

The synoptophore is a major amblyoscope used to assess, measure, and treat binocular vision disorders including fusion and stereopsis.

The Worth 4-dot test uses which colors to assess binocular fusion?

Answer: Red, green, and white

The Worth 4-dot test uses two green dots, one red dot, and one white dot, viewed through red-green glasses to assess binocular fusion.

When using a prism bar to measure a horizontal deviation, the prism base direction should be oriented in which direction to neutralize an esotropia?

Answer: Base-out

Base-out prisms neutralize esotropia by shifting the image toward the deviated eye, allowing the cover-uncover test to show neutralization.

The Maddox rod test is primarily used to measure which type of deviation?

Answer: Phorias and small tropias

The Maddox rod dissociates the eyes and measures the full extent of a phoria or small tropia by converting a point of light into a streak.

Which instrument measures stereoacuity using random dot patterns without monocular cues?

Answer: TNO test

The TNO test uses random-dot anaglyphic plates that eliminate all monocular cues, making it a true test of stereoscopic depth perception.