CNA Basic Restorative Services 2 — Questions and Answers

Question 1: Which of the following statements is true about range of motion (ROM) exercises?

They are often performed during ADLs. (Correct answer)
They can help prevent strokes and paralysis.
They require at least twenty repetitions of each exercise.
They are done just once every other day.

Correct answer: They are often performed during ADLs.

Range of motion (ROM) exercises are often incorporated into daily activities like bathing, dressing, and repositioning to maintain joint flexibility and prevent stiffness. This integration makes ROM exercises a natural part of a resident's routine, promoting consistent movement. They are not primarily for preventing strokes or paralysis, nor do they require a specific high number of repetitions or infrequent performance.

Question 2: A cane should be used on the ________.

preferred side
weak side
dominant side
strong side (Correct answer)

Correct answer: strong side

A cane should always be used on the strong side of the body to provide maximum support and stability. This allows the stronger leg to bear more weight while the cane assists the weaker side by providing an additional point of balance. Using it on the weak side would not offer adequate support.

Question 3: What is the branch of medicine that deals with physical medicine and rehabilitation called?

Psychiatry
Podiatry
Physiology
Physiatry (Correct answer)

Correct answer: Physiatry

Physiatry is the specialized branch of medicine focused on physical medicine and rehabilitation. Physiatrists diagnose and treat conditions affecting the brain, spinal cord, nerves, bones, joints, ligaments, muscles, and tendons, aiming to restore function and quality of life. The other options are different medical specialties.

Question 4: Restorative nursing care is the process of

Focusing specifically on what the resident cannot do.
Restoring resident rights for those who haven't had them.
Doing everything we can to prevent fatigue.
Providing care for the needs of the whole person. (Correct answer)

Correct answer: Providing care for the needs of the whole person.

Restorative nursing care emphasizes a holistic approach, focusing on the resident's overall well-being and maximizing their functional abilities. It aims to help residents regain or maintain their highest possible level of independence in all aspects of their lives. This includes physical, mental, and social needs, rather than just focusing on limitations or preventing fatigue.

Question 5: What is the term for a device used to take the place of a missing body part?

Practicum
Prognosis
Prosthesis (Correct answer)
Pronation

Correct answer: Prosthesis

A prosthesis is an artificial device designed to replace a missing body part, such as a limb, eye, or tooth. Its purpose is to restore function and/or appearance. The other terms listed have different medical meanings.

Question 6: When walking a resident, a gait or transfer belt is often _________.

worn around the nurse aide’s waist for back support
used to keep the resident positioned in the wheelchair
used to help the resident stand, then removed before walking
put around the resident’s waist to hold onto the resident (Correct answer)

Correct answer: put around the resident’s waist to hold onto the resident

A gait or transfer belt is specifically designed to be placed around the resident's waist, providing a secure and firm grasp point for the nurse aide. This allows the aide to safely assist the resident with standing, walking, or transferring, offering support and preventing falls. It is not worn by the aide for back support or used to position a resident in a wheelchair.

Question 7: Mr. Lopez is learning to use a walker. What should the nurse aide do?

Have him walk in place for five minutes.
Put padding on the walker in case he falls.
Walk behind him, using a gait belt. (Correct answer)
Encourage him to walk by himself.

Correct answer: Walk behind him, using a gait belt.

When a resident is learning to use a walker, the nurse aide should walk behind them while using a gait belt for safety. This position allows the aide to provide immediate support if the resident loses balance or stumbles, preventing falls. Encouraging them to walk alone or putting padding on the walker are not sufficient safety measures.

Question 8: When helping a client who is recovering from a stroke to walk, the nurse aide should assist

From behind the client
On the client’s weak side (Correct answer)
On the client’s strong side
With a wheelchair

Correct answer: On the client’s weak side

When assisting a client recovering from a stroke, the nurse aide should stand on the client's weak side. This position allows the aide to provide direct support to the affected side, helping to maintain balance and prevent falls. Supporting the strong side would be less effective in preventing instability.

Question 9: Raising the bed to a comfortable position will help prevent

Neck strain
Back strain (Correct answer)
Arm strain
Leg strain

Correct answer: Back strain

Raising the bed to a comfortable working height is a fundamental principle of good body mechanics for the nurse aide. This prevents the aide from having to bend excessively at the waist, significantly reducing strain on their back. Maintaining proper posture while providing care helps prevent occupational injuries.

Question 10: An elderly resident who is inactive is at risk for constipation. In addition to increased activity and exercise, which of the following actions helps to prevent constipation?

Frequent snack times
Low fiber diet
High protein diet
Adequate fluid intake (Correct answer)

Correct answer: Adequate fluid intake

Adequate fluid intake is crucial for preventing constipation, as it helps to soften stool and promote regular bowel movements. Combined with increased activity and a high-fiber diet, sufficient hydration is a key component of bowel regularity. Low fiber or high protein diets, or frequent snacks, do not directly address the fluid needs for preventing constipation.

Question 11: Residents who have had a stroke are at risk for a fall because of

Difficulty walking
Balance problems
Cognitive changes
All of the above. (Correct answer)

Correct answer: All of the above.

Residents who have experienced a stroke often suffer from a combination of physical and cognitive impairments. These can include difficulty walking (hemiparesis or paralysis), balance problems, and cognitive changes affecting judgment or awareness, all of which significantly increase their risk of falling. Therefore, all these factors contribute to fall risk.

Question 12: Exercises that can help maintain the movement of joints are called

Range of motion (Correct answer)
Muscle endurance methods
Abduction and adduction
Joint effectiveness techniques

Correct answer: Range of motion

Range of motion (ROM) exercises are specifically designed to move a joint through its full extent of movement. These exercises help to maintain joint flexibility, prevent stiffness, and improve circulation. They are essential for residents who have limited mobility to prevent contractures and promote overall physical function.

Question 13: Which statement about gait belts is NOT true?

All gait belts have reversible buckles. (Correct answer)
It protects both the resident and the nurse aide.
The nurse aide stands behind and on the weak side.
The gait belt can help break a fall.

Correct answer: All gait belts have reversible buckles.

Not all gait belts have reversible buckles; their design can vary. However, the other statements are true: gait belts protect both the resident and nurse aide by providing a secure grip, the aide stands behind and on the weak side for support, and a gait belt can indeed help to break or control a fall. Therefore, the statement about all gait belts having reversible buckles is the one that is NOT true.

Question 14: After Mr. Hall's stroke, his right arm is weak, he should be taught to

The resident can decide which arm goes first.
Put his left arm into his shirt first.
Put both arms in the shirt at the same time.
Put his right arm into his shirt first. (Correct answer)

Correct answer: Put his right arm into his shirt first.

When dressing a resident with a weak arm, the general rule is to dress the weak side first. This makes it easier to maneuver the garment over the affected limb without causing discomfort or strain. Undressing follows the opposite rule: remove from the strong side first.

Question 15: When helping a resident get out of bed, what should a nurse aide do?

Use good body mechanics. (Correct answer)
Raise the bed all the way up.
Keep the side rails up.
Ask another nurse aide to help.

Correct answer: Use good body mechanics.

Using good body mechanics, such as bending at the knees and hips and keeping the back straight, is essential for the nurse aide's safety when helping a resident out of bed. This prevents back strain and injury. Raising the bed too high, keeping side rails up during transfer, or always needing another aide are not universally correct or safe practices for every situation.

Question 16: Residents who are bedridden face all following risks EXCEPT

Calcium loss
Increased muscle strength (Correct answer)
Blood clots
Pneumonia

Correct answer: Increased muscle strength

Residents who are bedridden are at risk for numerous complications due to immobility, including calcium loss from bones, blood clots (deep vein thrombosis), and pneumonia (due to decreased lung expansion). However, prolonged inactivity leads to muscle atrophy and weakness, not increased muscle strength. Therefore, increased muscle strength is the risk they do NOT face.

Question 17: The doctor has ordered physical therapy (PT) for every day of the week. The patient's religion does not permit any activity on Saturday. What should you do when PT arrives on Saturday?

Tell the nurse so they can call the doctor to change the order. (Correct answer)
Tell PT to come back for two sessions on Sunday.
Tell the patient's family so they can decide if PT is allowed.
Tell the patient that they must follow the doctor's orders.

Correct answer: Tell the nurse so they can call the doctor to change the order.

When a resident's religious beliefs conflict with a doctor's order, the nurse aide's responsibility is to report this to the nurse. The nurse can then communicate with the doctor to find an alternative solution that respects the resident's rights and beliefs while still addressing their medical needs. It is not the aide's role to tell the patient they must follow orders or to make changes to the schedule directly.

Question 18: Mrs. Wilson is in your facility for rehabilitation after her hip replacement. Her husband wants to help give her a bath and she agrees. What should you say?

"I'm sorry, but it's against policy to let anyone but staff take care of patients."
"Great! I can take a longer break while you give her the bath. Let me set you up."
"I must protect the privacy of my patients. You will need to leave while I bathe her."
"How sweet! Let me gather everything and we can do it together." (Correct answer)

Correct answer: "How sweet! Let me gather everything and we can do it together."

Allowing family members to participate in a resident's care, when the resident agrees, promotes family involvement and can be beneficial for the resident's emotional well-being. The nurse aide should facilitate this by gathering supplies and offering to assist or guide, ensuring the care is done safely and correctly. This approach supports person-centered care and respects family bonds.

Question 19: Mr. Brown is blind from an industrial accident. How can you help him learn to feed himself?

Tell him where the salt and pepper, water glass, and other items are located.
Use a clock face to tell him where the food is.
Offer to cut meat or butter bread.
All of the above. (Correct answer)

Correct answer: All of the above.

For a blind resident, promoting independence in feeding involves multiple strategies. Using a clock face helps them locate food items, telling them where other items are provides orientation, and offering to cut meat or butter bread provides assistance without taking away their agency. All these actions support their ability to feed themselves safely and effectively.

Question 20: To encourage blood circulation in residents who must remain in bed, you can do all of the following EXCEPT

Give back massages.
Do passive or active ROM exercises.
Rub the skin vigorously during a bed bath. (Correct answer)
Turn the resident every two hours.

Correct answer: Rub the skin vigorously during a bed bath.

Vigorously rubbing a resident's skin, especially during a bed bath, can damage fragile skin, increase the risk of skin breakdown, and impede circulation rather than encourage it. Other methods like back massages, Range of Motion (ROM) exercises, and turning every two hours are appropriate for promoting circulation and preventing complications in bedridden residents.

Question 21: When is an easy time to do Range of motion (ROM) exercises?

Before going to sleep
During the resident's bath (Correct answer)
While getting dressed
When the resident wakes up

Correct answer: During the resident's bath

Performing Range of Motion (ROM) exercises during a resident's bath is an efficient and practical time. The warm water can help relax muscles, making movements easier and more comfortable, and it integrates the exercises into an existing care routine, ensuring they are consistently performed.

Question 22: What would be the BEST way for the nurse aide to promote client independence in bathing a patient who has had a stroke?

Leave the patient alone and tell them to call you if they need any help.
Do everything for the patient so they can watch how to do tasks properly.
Encourage the patient to do as much as possible, offering help as needed. (Correct answer)
Teach the patient to wash their hands properly before doing anything else.

Correct answer: Encourage the patient to do as much as possible, offering help as needed.

Promoting independence means empowering the patient to participate in their own care to the fullest extent of their abilities. Encouraging them to do what they can, while providing support only when necessary, builds confidence and helps them regain lost skills after a stroke, fostering a sense of control and self-efficacy.

Question 23: When a patient ambulates for the first time, the nurse aide should

Stay with him until he stands without assistance.
Watch for signs of dizziness and fatigue. (Correct answer)
Help him to stand up and pivot quickly.
Take his temperature and pulse rate first.

Correct answer: Watch for signs of dizziness and fatigue.

When a patient ambulates for the first time, they are at a high risk for falls due to potential weakness, dizziness, or fatigue. The nurse aide's primary responsibility is patient safety, so closely monitoring for these signs allows for immediate intervention to prevent falls and ensure the patient's well-being during this critical activity.

Question 24: While helping a resident perform a Range of Motion (ROM) exercise, he complains of pain. The nurse aide should

stop the exercise at that point and tell the nurse. (Correct answer)
ask to receive more training in ROM techniques.
ask the nurse to give a pain medication.
repeat the ROM exercise to see if it happens again.

Correct answer: stop the exercise at that point and tell the nurse.

If a resident complains of pain during a Range of Motion (ROM) exercise, it indicates a potential injury or discomfort that should not be ignored. The nurse aide must immediately stop the exercise to prevent further harm and report the complaint to the nurse, who can assess the situation and determine the appropriate course of action.

Question 25: To move a resident up in bed when they are able to move with assistance, the nurse aide should _________.

use a gait or transfer belt to assist with the repositioning
position yourself with knees straight, and bend at the waist
pull the resident up holding one side of the draw sheet at a time
bend their knees and ask them to push with their feet (Correct answer)

Correct answer: bend their knees and ask them to push with their feet

When moving a resident up in bed who can assist, asking them to bend their knees and push with their feet utilizes their own strength, making the repositioning easier and safer for both the resident and the nurse aide. This technique also helps prevent injury to the nurse aide by using proper body mechanics and leveraging the resident's capabilities.

CNA Basic Restorative Services 2

Which of the following statements is true about range of motion (ROM) exercises?