CMT Musculoskeletal Anatomy & Pathophysiology 2

Question 1

Which type of cartilage covers the articular surfaces of synovial joints?

Accepted Answer

Hyaline cartilage

Answer

Hyaline cartilage covers articular surfaces, providing a smooth, low-friction surface for joint movement.

Question 2

The anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) primarily prevents which motion at the knee?

Accepted Answer

Anterior tibial translation

Answer

The ACL primarily resists anterior translation of the tibia on the femur and also limits internal rotation.

Question 3

Which muscle is responsible for depression and protraction of the scapula?

Accepted Answer

Serratus anterior

Answer

Serratus anterior protracts and upwardly rotates the scapula while also holding it flat against the thorax.

Question 4

In osteoarthritis, the primary pathological change occurs in which tissue?

Accepted Answer

Articular cartilage

Answer

Osteoarthritis is characterized by progressive degradation of articular cartilage, leading to joint space narrowing and pain.

Question 5

The rotator cuff muscle that initiates shoulder abduction by depressing the humeral head is the:

Accepted Answer

Supraspinatus

Answer

Supraspinatus initiates the first 15–30 degrees of abduction and works to depress the humeral head in the glenoid.

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