CMSRN Cardiovascular and Hematological Care 3

Question 1

A patient with atrial fibrillation has a ventricular rate of 140 bpm and is hemodynamically unstable. What intervention is the priority?

Accepted Answer

Perform synchronized cardioversion

Answer

Hemodynamically unstable tachyarrhythmias require immediate synchronized cardioversion to restore sinus rhythm.

Question 2

Which lab value is the most specific marker for myocardial cell damage following an acute MI?

Accepted Answer

Troponin I or T

Answer

Cardiac troponin I and T are highly specific for myocardial injury and remain elevated for 7–14 days after an acute MI.

Question 3

A nurse caring for a patient with deep vein thrombosis notes the INR is 4.8 on warfarin. Which action is most appropriate?

Accepted Answer

Hold warfarin and notify the provider

Answer

An INR above the therapeutic range (2–3 for DVT) increases bleeding risk and requires dose withholding and provider notification.

Question 4

A patient with chronic anemia has a hemoglobin of 6.5 g/dL and reports dyspnea on minimal exertion. After transfusion is initiated, which assessment finding indicates a transfusion-related circulatory overload (TACO)?

Accepted Answer

New onset crackles and hypertension

Answer

TACO presents with pulmonary edema signs including crackles, hypertension, and respiratory distress from fluid volume overload.

Question 5

When teaching a patient about dietary management of hypertension, which recommendation is most evidence-based?

Accepted Answer

Follow the DASH diet and limit sodium to <2,300 mg/day

Answer

The DASH diet combined with sodium restriction is the most evidence-based dietary approach to reducing blood pressure.

CMSRN - Medical-Surgical Nursing Practice Test

CMSRN - Medical-Surgical Nursing Practice Test

CMSRN Cardiovascular and Hematological Care 3