CMSRN FREE CMSRN Medical-Surgical Nursing General Questions and Answers 2

Question 1

A patient with heart failure is prescribed furosemide 40 mg IV. Which assessment finding should the nurse report immediately?

Accepted Answer

Potassium level of 2.8 mEq/L

Answer

Urine output of 200 mL in 2 hours

Answer

Blood pressure of 128/78 mmHg

Answer

Mild pedal edema

Question 2

Which intervention is the priority for a postoperative patient with a PCA pump who has a respiratory rate of 8 breaths per minute?

Accepted Answer

Stop the PCA infusion and administer naloxone as ordered

Answer

Encourage deep breathing exercises

Answer

Reposition the patient to a semi-Fowler's position

Answer

Document the finding and reassess in 15 minutes

Question 3

A nurse is caring for a patient with cirrhosis who has developed ascites. Which dietary modification is most appropriate?

Accepted Answer

Sodium restriction to 2 g per day

Answer

High-protein diet of 100 g per day

Answer

Fluid intake of 3 liters per day

Answer

Increased potassium-rich foods

Question 4

A patient with type 2 diabetes has a blood glucose of 648 mg/dL, serum osmolality of 340 mOsm/kg, and no ketonuria. Which condition does the nurse suspect?

Accepted Answer

Hyperosmolar hyperglycemic state

Answer

Diabetic ketoacidosis

Answer

Addisonian crisis

Answer

Syndrome of inappropriate ADH secretion

Question 5

Which assessment finding in a patient 6 hours post-thyroidectomy requires the most urgent nursing intervention?

Accepted Answer

Tingling and numbness around the mouth and fingertips

Answer

Mild hoarseness when speaking

Answer

Incisional pain rated 5 out of 10

Answer

Low-grade temperature of 99.2°F

Question 6

A nurse is preparing to administer a unit of packed red blood cells. Which action is correct regarding transfusion safety?

Accepted Answer

Verify the blood product with two licensed nurses at the bedside

Answer

Infuse the unit rapidly within the first 30 minutes

Answer

Use a 22-gauge catheter in the antecubital vein

Answer

Add normal saline and dextrose to the blood bag