CMS Breastfeeding & Lactation Support

Question 1

What is the primary hormone responsible for milk production in breastfeeding mothers?

Accepted Answer

Prolactin

Answer

Prolactin, secreted by the anterior pituitary gland, is the primary hormone that stimulates alveolar cells in the breast to produce milk.

Question 2

Which of the following best describes the 'milk ejection' (let-down) reflex?

Accepted Answer

Oxytocin-triggered contraction of myoepithelial cells ejecting milk from alveoli

Answer

The let-down reflex is mediated by oxytocin released from the posterior pituitary, causing myoepithelial cells surrounding alveoli to contract and eject milk toward the nipple.

Question 3

According to WHO and AAP guidelines, when should breastfeeding ideally be initiated after birth?

Accepted Answer

Within 1 hour of birth

Answer

WHO and AAP recommend initiating breastfeeding within the first hour of life to capitalize on the newborn's alert state, stimulate milk production, and support thermoregulation.

Question 4

How does colostrum differ from mature breast milk?

Accepted Answer

Colostrum is higher in immunoglobulins and lower in fat compared to mature milk

Answer

Colostrum is rich in secretory IgA, leukocytes, lactoferrin, and growth factors while containing lower fat and lactose compared to mature milk, providing critical immunological protection.

Question 5

A mother reports sore, cracked nipples after 3 days of breastfeeding. What is the most likely cause?

Accepted Answer

Improper latch technique with insufficient areolar tissue in the mouth

Answer

Nipple soreness and cracking in early breastfeeding most commonly results from an improper latch where the infant compresses the nipple tip rather than drawing in sufficient areolar tissue.

CMS - Clinical Midwife Specialist Practice Test

CMS - Clinical Midwife Specialist Practice Test

CMS Breastfeeding & Lactation Support