CMS CMS Newborn Assessment & Neonatal Care

Question 1

The Apgar score is assessed at 1 minute and 5 minutes after birth. Which five criteria are evaluated?

Accepted Answer

Heart rate, respiratory effort, muscle tone, reflex irritability, color

Answer

Heart rate, blood pressure, temperature, color, cry

Answer

Respiratory rate, oxygen saturation, color, tone, reflexes

Answer

Fontanelle tension, cry, color, heart rate, blood pressure

Question 2

A newborn has an Apgar score of 4 at 1 minute. Which immediate action is most appropriate?

Accepted Answer

Begin positive-pressure ventilation

Answer

Administer epinephrine IV

Answer

Perform chest compressions

Answer

Transfer to NICU without further intervention

Question 3

Which finding on newborn physical exam is considered a normal variant requiring no intervention?

Accepted Answer

Epstein pearls on the hard palate

Answer

Bulging fontanelle

Answer

Central cyanosis at 10 minutes of life

Answer

Absent red reflex

Question 4

A term newborn's blood glucose is 38 mg/dL at 2 hours of life. What is the first-line management?

Accepted Answer

Early breastfeeding or formula supplementation

Answer

IV dextrose bolus

Answer

Glucagon injection

Answer

Transfer to NICU immediately

Question 5

Which newborn reflex disappears by 4–6 months of age and its persistence may indicate neurological pathology?

Accepted Answer

Moro reflex

Answer

Rooting reflex

Answer

Palmar grasp

Answer

Babinski reflex

Question 6

A newborn is born at 38 weeks with respiratory distress syndrome. Which surfactant-related factor is most likely responsible?

Accepted Answer

Immature type II pneumocytes producing insufficient surfactant

Answer

Excess surfactant causing airway obstruction

Answer

Meconium aspiration blocking surfactant action

Answer

Pneumothorax from forceful breathing