CMP Anatomy of Skin & Hair 3

Question 1

Which cells in the epidermis produce melanin and transfer it to surrounding keratinocytes?

Accepted Answer

Melanocytes

Answer

Melanocytes in the stratum basale synthesize melanin and transfer it via melanosomes to neighboring keratinocytes for UV protection.

Question 2

The sebaceous gland secretes sebum via which mechanism?

Accepted Answer

Holocrine secretion

Answer

Sebaceous glands use holocrine secretion, in which entire cells disintegrate to release their lipid-rich sebum contents.

Question 3

What is the approximate pH of the skin's acid mantle, which protects against pathogens?

Accepted Answer

4.5–5.5

Answer

The skin's acid mantle maintains a pH of approximately 4.5–5.5, inhibiting bacterial and fungal growth on the skin surface.

Question 4

Which layer of the dermis contains most of the collagen bundles, elastic fibers, blood vessels, and hair follicles?

Accepted Answer

Reticular dermis

Answer

The reticular dermis is the deeper, thicker dermal layer composed of dense irregular connective tissue with coarse collagen bundles.

Question 5

In the nail anatomy, what name is given to the crescent-shaped white area at the base of the nail plate?

Accepted Answer

Lunula

Answer

The lunula is the visible white crescent at the proximal nail plate where nucleated cells from the nail matrix are still present.

(CMP) Certified Master Pedicurist Practice Test