Logical Reasoning Flashcards

In a row of 10 students, Priya is 4th from the left and Rahul is 6th from the right. How many students are between them?

Answer: 1

Priya is 4th from left; Rahul is 6th from right = 5th from left; students between positions 4 and 5 = 1 student.

All managers are leaders. Some leaders are visionaries. Which conclusion is definitely true?

Answer: Some managers are leaders

Since all managers are leaders, it is definite that some managers are leaders.

A clock shows 3:15. What is the angle between the hour and minute hands?

Answer: 7.5°

At 3:15, minute hand is at 90° and hour hand is at 97.5°, giving a difference of 7.5°.

If PENCIL is coded as 312456 and ERASER is coded as 378937, what is the code for NICER?

Answer: 24538

N=2, I=4, C=5, E=3, R=8 based on the given coding patterns.

Pointing to a photograph, Amit says, 'She is the daughter of the only son of my grandfather.' How is the girl related to Amit?

Answer: Sister

The only son of Amit's grandfather is Amit's father, so the girl is the daughter of Amit's father — making her Amit's sister.

Find the odd one out: 36, 49, 64, 81, 100, 112

Answer: 112

All others are perfect squares (6², 7², 8², 9², 10²), but 112 is not a perfect square.

In a certain code, 'ROAD' is written as 'URDG'. How is 'SWAN' written in that code?

Answer: VZDQ

Each letter is shifted forward by 3 positions: S→V, W→Z, A→D, N→Q giving VZDQ.

A train travels 60 km in the first hour, 80 km in the second hour, and 100 km in the third hour. What is the pattern and how far will it travel in the 4th hour?

Answer: 120 km

The distance increases by 20 km each hour, so the 4th hour distance is 100 + 20 = 120 km.

No flowers are fruits. All fruits are vegetables. Which conclusion is valid?

Answer: Some vegetables are not flowers

Since all fruits are vegetables, and no flowers are fruits, some vegetables (the fruits) are definitely not flowers.

If the day before yesterday was Thursday, what day will it be the day after tomorrow?

Answer: Monday

If day before yesterday = Thursday, today = Saturday, and day after tomorrow = Monday.

Six people A, B, C, D, E, F sit in a row. A is to the right of B, C is to the left of D, and E is between B and D. Who sits in the middle?

Answer: E

Arranging based on the clues places E between B and D, making E occupy a central position.

Complete the series: 2, 6, 12, 20, 30, ?

Answer: 42

The pattern is n(n+1): 1×2, 2×3, 3×4, 4×5, 5×6, so the next term is 6×7 = 42.

A statement: 'All cats are mammals' is followed by 'All mammals breathe air.' What can be concluded?

Answer: All cats breathe air

By the transitive property of syllogisms, if all cats are mammals and all mammals breathe air, then all cats breathe air.

A cube is painted red on all faces, then cut into 27 equal smaller cubes. How many small cubes have exactly 2 faces painted?

Answer: 12

Exactly 2 faces painted = edge cubes (not corners); a 3×3×3 cube has 12 edges, each contributing 1 such cube = 12.

If P means ÷, Q means ×, R means +, and S means −, what is 18 P 3 Q 4 R 5 S 2?

Answer: 27

Substituting: 18 ÷ 3 × 4 + 5 − 2 = 6 × 4 + 5 − 2 = 24 + 5 − 2 = 27.

Find the missing number: 5, 11, 23, 47, ?

Answer: 95

Each term is 2× previous term + 1: 5×2+1=11, 11×2+1=23, 23×2+1=47, 47×2+1=95.

In a group, some people speak French, and all French speakers speak English. Can we conclude that all English speakers speak French?

Answer: No, English speakers may not speak French

The statement 'all French speakers speak English' does not imply the reverse; there may be English speakers who don't know French.

Water : Thirst :: Food : ?

Answer: Hunger

Water satisfies thirst just as food satisfies hunger — the relationship is need-to-fulfillment.

A man walks 5 km north, turns right and walks 3 km, turns right and walks 5 km. How far is he from the starting point and in which direction?

Answer: 3 km East

He ends up 3 km east of the starting point after the north-east-south path cancels the vertical displacement.

Statement: 'Either it will rain or the match will be played.' It did not rain. What follows?

Answer: The match was played

In an 'either/or' (inclusive disjunction) when one option is false, the other must be true.