CMA Fetal Monitoring & Assessment

Question 1

What is the normal baseline fetal heart rate (FHR) range according to NICHD guidelines?

Accepted Answer

110–160 bpm

Answer

80–100 bpm

Answer

160–180 bpm

Answer

60–80 bpm

Question 2

Which device uses Doppler ultrasound to detect fetal heart movement at the bedside?

Accepted Answer

Handheld Doppler (Doppler fetoscope)

Answer

Fetoscope

Answer

Amniocentesis needle

Answer

Biophysical profile transducer

Question 3

A non-stress test (NST) primarily evaluates fetal well-being by assessing:

Accepted Answer

FHR accelerations associated with fetal movement

Answer

Fetal lung maturity via lecithin/sphingomyelin ratio

Answer

Fetal heart rate response to uterine contractions

Answer

Placental function via estriol levels

Question 4

For a full-term pregnancy, a reactive NST requires at least how many accelerations within 20 minutes?

Accepted Answer

2 accelerations of 15 bpm lasting 15 seconds

Answer

1 acceleration of 10 bpm lasting 10 seconds

Answer

3 accelerations of 20 bpm lasting 20 seconds

Answer

4 accelerations of 10 bpm lasting 5 seconds

Question 5

Which assessment is considered the gold standard for evaluating fetal acid-base status intrapartum?

Accepted Answer

Fetal scalp blood sampling

Answer

Non-stress test

Answer

Biophysical profile

Answer

Contraction stress test

Question 6

A biophysical profile (BPP) assesses fetal well-being using which combination of parameters?

Accepted Answer

Fetal breathing, gross movement, tone, AFI, and NST

Answer

FHR, maternal BP, AFI, fetal weight, placental grade

Answer

Fetal position, presentation, station, dilation, effacement

Answer

FHR variability, decelerations, accelerations, contractions, maternal O2

Question 7

Early decelerations on an electronic fetal monitor are caused by which mechanism?

Accepted Answer

Fetal head compression during contractions

Answer

Umbilical cord compression

Answer

Uteroplacental insufficiency

Answer

Fetal hypoxia